专项复习(一)名词一、名词的数：可数名词都有单数和复数之分；不可数名词没有复数形式。1、规则的可数名词的复数变化规则：1）一般情况加–s：books，mouths，houses，girls等。2）以s，sh，ch，x结尾的加–es：classes，boxes，matches等。3）辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加es：cities，countries，parties，factories等。4）以o结尾的词+es：heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes等。以o结尾+s：radios，zoos，bamboos，pianos，kilos，photos等。5）以f，fe结尾的多数变f,fe为v+es：leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves等。直接+s的名词：roofs,proofs,beliefs,scarfs\scarves等6)某国人的复数变化：中日不变英法变，其余加s2、不规则的可数名词的变化规则：【难点】1）man—men,woman—women,tooth—teeth,foot—feet,child—children,mouse—mice.2）单复数相同:sheep,fish,deer,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss,[说明]A.fish如表示不同种类的鱼时复数是fishes：Therearemanykindsoffishesinthatlake.B.以man,woman修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化.其他的只变后面的。若后面的是不可书名词，都不变。manservant—menservants.(boy/girlstudents)womandoctor—womendoctorsapplejuice---applejuicer3、定冠词加姓氏的复数表示一家人：theGreens,theSmiths,theWangs.4、集体名词people,police总是作复数：Severalpolicewereonduty.5、集体名词class,public,family,population,team等单复数都有，但意义不同：Theclassisbig.---TheclassaretakingnotesinEnglish.ThepopulationinChinaislarger.----80%ofthepopulationinChinaarepeasants.6、以s结尾的学科名词只作单数。mathematics,physics,politics等；news也是如此。7、glasses，trousers，等常用复数；但如果这些词前用apairof…//thispairof…//thatpairof…等修饰时谓语动词有pair来决定：Wherearemyglasses？Mynewpairoftrousersistoolong.Herearesomenewpairsofshoes.【重点】1.中考常考不可数名词：information,weather,news,advice,fun等。2.some,lotsof,alotofplentyof后面可以使不可数名词又可以是不可数名词。3.many修饰不可数名词4.this、that后面用单数these,those后面用复数二、名词的所有格:1.以s结尾的直接加’以其他字母结尾的加’sLucy’smotherteachers’office2.表示几个人共同拥有在最后一个上加名词所有格，表示各自拥有在每一个上加名词所有格。做题时根据后面的名词判断是各自拥有还是共同拥有Lucy’sandlily’sroomsLucyandlily’sroom3.表示节日的除父亲节，母亲节外，其余的先做复数，再用名词所有格Father’sDayMother’sDayTeachers’DayTheChildren’sDay4.几种特殊情况:thekeytothedoor.answerstothequestiontheentrancetothestation/cinematicketstothefilm/movieacheckfor$1500.三、表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词，也可以加“'s”来构成所有格。如：.today'snewspaper．tenminutes’walk=ten-minutewalk，China'sindustryEg:()1.—Excuseme,isthesupermarketfarfromhere?—No,it’sabout_______.A.7minuteswalkB.7minutewalkC.7minutes’walkD.7minute’swalk()2.Comeandseemein_____.——Withpleasure．That’swhatI'mexpecting．A．twoorthreedays'B．twoorthreeday'stimeC．twoorthreedays'time()3.I'mgoingonholidayonthe12th．Ihavetobebackatworkonthe26th.SoI'vegottwo_______holidayA．weeksB．week'sC．weeks'D．week选择最佳答案：()1.These______havesavedmanychildren’slives.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctor()2.Therearemany________onthemountain.A.appletreeB.applestreesC.applestreeD.appletrees()3.Thisis______bedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.AnneandJaneB.Anne’sandJane’sC.Anne’sandJaneD.AnneandJane’s()4.---Arethereany_______onthefarm?---Yes,therearesome.A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep()5.---Whatwouldyouliketodrink,_______ororange?---Orange,please.A.hamburgerB.chipC.teaD.cakes()6.---Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?---Certainly.A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters()7.Mikehurtoneofhis______intheaccidentyesterday.A.toothB.feetC.handD.ear()8.Thereissome_______ontheplate.A.cakesB.meatC.potatoD.pears()9.Therearemany_______inthecity.A.GermenB.GermanyC.GermanysD.Germans()10.The______hastwo_______.A.boys;watchesB.boy;watchC.boy;watchesD.boys;watch
