培生学堂八年级下Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionA1.Youshouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.Cleanup意为“彻底打扫；清除”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语动词，后面跟名词作宾格时，名词放在up前后均可，后面跟代词作宾格时，代词应当放在up前面。e.g.Heoftenhelpsparentscleanuptheroomsonweekends.2.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.Cheerup意为“变得更高兴，振奋起来”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语，cheerup既可以作及物动词短语，也可以作不及物动词短语e.g.HecheeredupatoncewhenIagreedtohelphim.Cheerup!Thenewsisn’ttoobad.Hetookhertothecinematocheerherup.【拓展】1）cheer作不及物动词，意为“欢呼；喝彩”e.g.Thegirlscheeredasthefamoussingerarrived.2)cheer作及物动词，意为“为···欢呼，高呼”e.g.Thewholevillageturnedouttocheerthehero3)cheer作可数名词，意为“欢呼声，喝彩声”e.g.Wecanhearthecheersofstudentsoutsidethegym.4)cheeron意为“为···加油”e.g.Wewillhaveabasketballgamethisafternoon.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson？【现学现练】Hefailedinthemathtestandlookssad.Let’s_______A.puthimupB.sethimupC.cheerhimupD.cleanhimup3.Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.Giveout意为“散发，分发”，相当于“handout”，是“动词+副词”的短语动词e.g.Canyougiveoutthedrinksout,please?【拓展】Giveout的不同含义：1）giveout表示“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）e.g.Thesungivesoutlightandheattotheearth.2)giveout表示“用完，耗尽”e.g.Ourfoodsuppliesbegantogiveout.4.Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.Volunteer动词，意为“志愿做，义务做”，后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语e.g.Jennyvolunteeredtocleanuptheroomafterparty.【拓展】Volunteer作可数名词，意为“志愿者”e.g.CanIhaveavolunteertocollecttheglasses?培生学堂八年级下5.Wecan’tputoffmakingaplanPutoff意为“推迟”，是“动词+副词”的短语动词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语e.g.Theyputoffthematchbecauseoftheheavyrain.Pleasedon’tputoffdoingyourhomework.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.【拓展】由put构成的常见短语有：Putaway将···收起来puton穿上；上演putdown放下；记下Putout熄灭；伸出putback放回原处putup张贴；搭建6.Let’smakesomenotices,tooNotice此处作可数名词，意为“公告牌；通告；布告”e.g.Thereisanoticeonthewall,saying“NoParking”I’llputupanoticeaboutthemeeting.【拓展】1）notice作不可数名词，意为“注意”e.g.Takenoticeofwhattheysay.2)notice作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”e.g.DidyounoticeJackcomein?7.TheytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobeUsedto意为“过去···，曾经···”，后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”，指表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态e.g.Heusedtoworkinthehospital.Hedidn’tusetowalkaftersupper.【拓展】1)beusedtodosth.意为“被用于做某事”，不定式表目的e.g.Thebookisusedtoteachushowtowrite.2)beusedfor+n./v.ing表示“被用于···”e.g.Astampisusedforsendingletters.3)get/beusedtodoingsth.e.g.Heisusedtoeatingoutallthetime.8.Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.Lonely是形容词，充当表语，指“孤独的”，用于人时，表示一种心理状态，突出内心孤独寂寞的感觉，侧重缺少同伴友谊而感到孤独、寂寞。含忧郁之意。e.g.Hefeltverylonelywithouthisfriends.9.···giveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.Several作形容词，意为“几个，数个”，修饰可数名词复数e.g.Severaldayslater,Grandmacametothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.【拓展】Several作代词，意为“几个，数个”培生学堂八年级下e.g.Excuseme,haveyougotanybooksaboutsports?---Yes,we’vegotseveral.Severalofuswentthere.10.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalge...
