Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?第二课时SectionA(GrammarFocus—3c)动词不定式一、构成及特征1.构成:动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to,其否定式是在其前面直接加not。2.特征:动词不定式是非谓语形式的一种,在句子中不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化。二、用法动词不定式和后面的名词、代词等构成不定式短语,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语等。1.动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,通常置于句尾,而用it作形式主语,其结构为:it+be+形容词(+for/ofsb)+动词不定式。It'ssonicetohearyourvoice.听到你的声音太好了。2.动词不定式作宾语常接不定式作宾语的动词有:want,wish,plan,expect,ask,decide,help,try,promise,remember,forget,learn等。3.动词不定式作宾补常接不定式作宾补的动词主要有ask,tell,invite,help,order等。感官动词feel,hear,listen,see,watch和使役动词let,make,have后常接不带to的不定式作宾补;help后接带to或不带to的不定式。4.动词不定式作定语。常在名词或代词后,作后置定语。ThebesttimetovisitHainanisinwinter.参观海南的最好季节在冬季。5.动词不定式作状语。可表示目的、原因或结果,常用在go,come等不及物动词后。Hewentthebusstationtomeethisuncle.他去车站接他的姑姑。6.疑问词+动词不定式疑问词加动词不定式可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。Idon'tknowwhattodonext.我不知道下一步要做什么。7.动词不定式的特殊句型。(1)too…to…意为“太……而不能……”。Theboyistooyoungtolookafterhimself.那个男孩太小,不能照顾自己。(2)adj+enough+不定式意为“足够……,可以……”。He'soldenoughtogotoschool.他到了上学的年龄了。Ⅰ.单项选择。()1.Mymotheroftentellsmetoomuchjunkfood,becauseit'sbadformyhealth.A.toeatB.nottoeatC.noteatD.eat()2.Englishwell,youmustpracticealot.A.SpeakB.TospeakC.SpokenD.SpeakBB()3.IttookJanetthreehoursreadingthisinterestingstory.A.tofinishB.finishedC.finishingD.finishes()4.Whattimedoyouexpecther?A.arriveB.isarrivingC.arrivingD.toarriveADⅡ.同义句改写。5.Wedon'tknowhowwecangettothepark.Wedon'tknowhowtothepark.6.ToreadEnglishinthemorningisveryimportant.isveryimportantEnglishinthemorning.7.Samdecidedthathewouldbuyanewbike.Samdecidedanewbike.togetIttoreadtobuy8.SallyhopesshecanvisittheGreatWalloneday.SallyhopestheGreatWalloneday.tovisit()1.(2017·天津)Weonlyplannedtheplayforanhour,butintheend,westayedforthreehours.A.watchB.watchesC.towatchD.watchedC【解析】plantodosth计划做某事,此处不定式作plan的宾语。()2.(2017·南充)—Mario,yourmobilephoneisringing.—Waitaminute.It'sdangerousforusitwhilecrossingthestreet.A.answeringB.toanswerC.answerD.answeredB