课标人教实验版高三Module10Unit4TheSubjunctiveMoodGrammar1.IfIwereAndyLou,IwouldbeinHongKongnow.2.IwishIwereamillionaire.3.WesuggestthateveryoneshouldhelptheAIDSpatients.WhentousetheSubjunctiveMoodinEnglish?hypotheseswishessuggestion虚拟语气TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式(verbstructure),用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实(fact)，而只是一种假设(hypotheses)愿望(wishes)、建议(suggestion)或怀疑(doubt)等等。ThedefinitionoftheSubjunctiveMood1.虚拟语气在条件句中1)“表示不太可能出现的情况”,条件从句一般用过去时,主句用woulddo,shoulddo或might/coulddo;虚拟语气应该注意的几点:2)表示“本可能发生却未发生的事情”,条件从句用过去完成时,主句用wouldhavedone,shouldhavedone,might/couldhavedone.Theoldmenwouldfinditdifficulttogetajobiftheyleftthefarm.Ishouldbesurprisedifitwaslessthanfivepounds.IfIfrightenedthosebirds,theymightflyoffandIwouldneverseethemagain.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer.IfIwereaskedtodefinemymood,I’dsay“bored”.Ifhehadtakenhisdoctor’sadvice,hemightnothavediedsosoon.Ifhehadrealizedthat,hewouldhaverunawaywhiletherewasstilltime.Ifshehadnotmarried,shecouldhavebecomespecialinthefiled.2.虚拟语气在条件句也可用来表示“将来不太可能出现的情况”,条件从句用shoulddo,weretodo或一般过去时,主句用woulddo,shoulddo,could/mightdo.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldhavetobeputoff.IcouldseethesurfaceofthemoonwithmyowneyesifIweretogotothemoonsomeday.Whatwouldyoudoifhefailedtocometomorrow?注意:含有should的条件句,主句可以用一般现在时或一般将来时.例如:Ifthereshouldbeanotherflood,whatshallwedo?Askhertoleaveamessageifsheshouldcome.3.在正式英语文体中,if从句中的第一个动词如果是should,were或had,可将此动词置于句首,替代if．例如：Wereitalltrue,itwouldstillnotexcusetheiractions.Hadthecaptainbeenmorecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.Shouldanyvisitorscome,Iwouldsayyouarenothere.4.ifonly和suppose(supposing),也可以引导虚拟从句．IfonlyIhadmoretime,Icouldgotheretohelpthem.Supposingitwerefinetomorrow,wouldyougoclimbingthemountainwithus?5.Ifitwerenot/hadnotbeenfor…也是常见的虚拟句型,意思是“要不是……”例如:Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wewouldnothaveachievedsomuchinourwork.Ifitwerenotforthewisedecision,wecouldnotbelivingahappylife.6.虚拟语气用于Iwish…的宾语从句中:表示现在时间,动词用一般过去时和过去进行时(be动词用were/was)。表示过去时间,动词用过去完成时和过去完成进行时。表示将来时间,动词用would/could等+动词原形。IwishIknewhowtooperatethiscomputer.Iwishheweren’tsolazy.Idowisheverythingwouldbeasquietasbefore.Iwishwehadn’tbeenworkingovertimeyesterday.注意:这里Iwish…所表达的意思与ifonly…差不多。以上的句子都可以用ifonly来代替Iwish例如:IfonlyIknewhowtooperatethiscomputer.Ifonlywehadn’tbeenworkingovertimeyesterday.7.It’s(about/high)time+从句，表示“该做而未做的事”,是一种婉转的建议,从句中的动词用一般过去时。例如：Itishightimewebegantowork.We’veenjoyedtheevening,butit’stimewewenthome.It’sabouttimetheboylearnedtobehavehimself.8.表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词demand,require,suggest,insist,advise,order等后接宾语从句时,从句谓语动词一般用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形(do/bedone),should也可以省略．例如：HeinsistedthatJohn(should)dothejob.Wesuggestthatthemeeting(should)notbepostponed.Theuniondemandedthatthewages(should)beraisedby20%.常用的这类动词是:ask(要求),advise(建议),command(命令),decide(决定),demand(要求),insist(坚持),move(提议),order(命令)...
