重庆大学版重庆大学版高一高一(4)(4)Unit1Unit1重庆大学版重庆大学版高一高一(4)(4)Unit1Unit1PassiveVoicePassiveVoice被动语态被动语态Readthefollowingsentences,payingattentiontothecoloredparts.1)Bambooissostrongthatitisoftenusedtobuildhousesandbridges.2)Someareputintocansandshippedtoallcornersoftheworld.3)Itcanbefittedtogetherandusedaspipestocarrywaterbroughtfromariverorlake.4)Thetrafficaccidentwastalkedformanyyears.5)Allofuswillbeaskedtoattendthelecture.6)Abambooparkisbeingbuiltnearthefactory.7)Theroadtotheschoolhasbeenwidened.8)HadhebeensenttoworkinBeijingwhenyougotthere?英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Summary:Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主动)Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.(被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am/is/are+given一般过去时：was/were+given一般将来时：shall/will+be+given现在进行时：am/is/are+being+given现在完成时：have/has+been+given过去完成时：had+been+given过去进行时：was/were+being+given过去将来时：should/would+be+given将来完成时：shall/will+havebeen+given过去将来完成时：should/would+havebeen+given［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.1.一般现在时：Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.被动语态常用的八种时态Thebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth.Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten.2.一般过去时：Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth.Thestudentsdidn'tforgethislessonseasily.3.一般将来时：Carswillbesentabroadbysea.Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers.Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.4.过去将来时：Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastedontheradio.Theroomsarebeingpainted.5.现在进行时：TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.Wearepaintingtherooms.Becausetheroadwasbeingmended.Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.6.过去进行时：—Whydidn'ttheydrivethereontime?—Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad.Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.Thepricehasbeenbroughtdown.7.现在完成时：Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff.Wehavebroughtdowntheprice.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.8.过去完成时：WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.Yourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass.Youmusthandinyourcompositionsafterclass.9.含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。Agreatmanyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththecomputer.被动语态的使用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。“Mr.White,thecupwithmixturewasbrokenafterclass.”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说...
