语法复习二（从句）一、宾语从句二、定语从句三、状语从句 宾语从句A.位于动词后面，起宾语作用B. 引导词：1 、由 that 引导陈述句性的宾语从句，连词 that 只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义。如： I told him that he was wrong.2 、由连词 if 、 whether 引导的表示是否的宾语从句。 whether ， if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下， whether 和 if 可以替换。如： I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow. 宾语从句中有 or not 时不用 if 引导，只能用 whether.例： I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not. 3. 由 wh- 引导的宾语从句。连接代词 who ， whom ， whose ， what ， which ，和连接副词 when, where ， why ， how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。例： Do you know which film they are talking about? (which 做定语 )I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语 ) C. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词 + 主语+ 谓语 + 其他成分例： He asked me whether I was a teacher.They wanted to know what they can do for us.D. 宾语从句的时态。宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，即：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例 : She said that the train had already left. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。例： The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.E. 如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用疑问词 + 不定式做宾语的简单句结构。例： I don’t know what I should do next.I don’t know what to do next. 宾语从句习题1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The students want to know whether they___ ...
