1初中英语语法宾语从句讲解小口诀:宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引,一般疑问用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。一.基本讲解来源:直接引语变间接引语概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。Eg:Hesaid,“Iamgoodatdrawing”.Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)1.引导词(1)that引导宾语从句时,通常用陈述句充当,that可省略。Eg:Shesaid,“Iwanttogothere”Shesaid(that)shewantedtogothere.(2)whether或if引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当,陈述语序。Eg:“Areyouinterestedingeography?”shesaid.Sheaskedif/whetherIwasinterestedingeography.Iwonderif/whethershehastoldthenewtoLiLei.I’mnotsurewhetherhewillcomeornot.注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外a.介词短语后只用whether不用ifeg:Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepanic.b.引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时,只用whether.eg:Ican’tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontimec.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,表示‘如果’,不能用whether.Eg:Ifyouwanttobeagoodteacher,itwilltaketimes.Whetheryoucansucceeddependsonhowmucheffortyoupay.(3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,不可省略,陈述句语序。特殊疑问词为:how,when,where,why,whichwhose.E.g.‘Whatdoyouwant?’Heasked.HeaskedmewhatIwanted.Ihavenoideawhereheisnow.Idon’tknowhowtodealwithit.Heaskedwhosehandwritingisthebestintheclass.2.宾语从句时态a.主句为一般现在时,从句不受主句的限制eg:Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?I’msorrytohearthatyourfatherisill.ShesayssheisgoingtogotoBeijingnextweek.Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday.b.当主句是一般过去时,从句用过去的相应某种时态Shedidn’tknowwhytheboywaslateagain.(过去一般)Ididn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.(过去完成)IwonderedwhenshewasgoingtoAmerica.(过去将来)注意:当主句是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,格言等,从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如:Eg:Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun./thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.)12Theteachertoldus(seeingisbelieving.)3.语序:陈述语序,主+谓+其他*whenwillyouleaveforBeijing?(Couldyoupleasetellme)CouldyoupleasetellmewhenyouwillleaveforBeijing?*Hassheseenthemovie?(Heasked.)Heaskedifshehadseenthemovie.*Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语,将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下:一,引导词A,由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中。例:Itoldhimthathewaswrong.l在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。例:Idon’tthinkyouareright.(我认为你做的不对)l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语。例:Wethinkitwrongthathetoldalietoeveryone(我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)B,由连词if、whether引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if可以替换。例:Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.Theteacheraskedif/whetherwehadfinishedtheexperiment.l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导例:Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney。l宾语从句中有ornot时不用if引导.例:Idon’tknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeornot.l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if...