简单句、并列句和复合句考点一简单句1.简单句只包含一个主谓结构.2.五种简单句:1)主+谓.Hecomesatlast.2)主+系+表.Sheisateacher.Thesouptastesnice.3)主+谓+宾.Theyreachedthevillage.4)主+谓+间宾+直宾.Hegavemeapen.5)主+谓+宾+宾补.Ifindthatbookveryuseful.考点二并列句并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句，用连词连接起来。常用的连接词有：1.表示顺承关系的：and,notonly…butalso（不仅….而且….）等。She______gaveusalotofadvice,_______helpedustoovercomedifficulties.Lindatriedtobecomeanexcellentteacher,_____atlastshesucceeded.2.表示选择关系和否定条件的有or（还是，否则）Doyouwanttoleavenow____wouldyourathersetofflater?Wearyourcoat,____you’llcatchacold.3.表示转折关系的有but,yet等。Heisyoung,butheworkshard.虽然他年轻，但工作努力。4.表示因果关系的有for,so等。MyleghurtssoIgotoseeadoctor.我的腿疼，因此我去看医生。考点三主从复合句：宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词（1）引导陈述句用that(在口语和非正式文体中常常省略)Hetellsme(that)heisgoingshoppingthisSunday.(2)引导一般疑问句用if或whether.Sheaskedmeif\whethershecouldjoinus.(whether…ornot)(3)引导特殊疑问句，要用原来的特殊疑问词。Sheaskedthemwhattheyweredoing.2.宾语从句的语序：要用陈述句语序。Iwanttoknowwhenthetrainleft.3.宾语从句的时态（1）主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态。Hetellsusthathehasbeenabletolookafterhimself.(2)主句是过去时态，宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态。Theysaidthattheyhadalreadyfinishedthework.(3)如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。Hesaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.考点四状语从句一、状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等。1.地点状语从句1地点状语从句通常由where引导。Putallthethings_____theywere.A.whereB.whenC.whoseD.which2.时间状语从句(主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时)时间状语从句的引导词有when,before,after,until,assoonas,since,while,as等Shewascookingwhensomeoneknockatthedoor.Whatwillyoudoafteryoufinishedyourhomework?3.条件状语从句在条件状语从句中，常用的引导词有if,unless等。Ifitdosen’train,I”llgofishing.TheywillhaveapicnicunlessitrainsnextSunday.4.原因状语从句原因状语从句常用的引导词有because,as,since（既然）等Hedidn’tcomebecausehewasill.Sincewearestudents,weshouldstudyhard.*Because和so不能在一个句子中同时使用。5.结果状语从句结果状语从句主要由so…that…,such…that…引导。It’ssohotthatwewanttogoswimming.That’ssuchaninterestingstorythateverybodylikesit.*So…that…与简单句之间的句型转换1）that后的句子是否定句，常用too…to进行转换。Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.heistooyoungtogotoschool.2)that后的句子是肯定句。常用enoughto进行转换。Theshirtwassocheapthatheboughtit.theshirtwascheapenoughforhimtobuy.6.目的状语从句目的状语从句常用的引导词有sothat,inorderthat等inorderto简单句Pleasesayitinaloudvoicesothateveryonecanhearit.Heworksharderinorderthathecangotoagoodcollege.7.让步状语从句引导词有though,although,evenif,eventhough(尽管)等。Heoftenhelpsothersthough\althoughheisnotrich.Theywillstandbyyouevenifyoudon’tsucceed.*Though,although与but不能同时出现在一个句子中8.比较状语从句比较状语从句由than,as…as…,notas\so…as等引导。(比较级)HeismoreoutgoingthanI.HeranasfastasMike.考点五定语从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。1.关系代词的基本用法作主语作宾语作定语2指人who\thatwho\whom\that\省略whose指物which\thatwhich\that\省略whoseTheman__________spokeatthemeetin...
