上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结一般现在时1、定义:表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。句中通常有usually ,often ,every day ,sometimes ,always ,at weekends ,on Sundays等表示经常性时间的短语。2、构成:1)当谓语是be 动词 时,一般现在时的构成:主语+ be 动词+其他如: I am a student. He is Jim’s father. They are from Japan. 2)当谓语是 行为动词 时,一般现在时的构成:①主语 (非第三人称单数)+动词原形+其他如: I often watch TV at the weekends. Mr Green and Mrs Green like collecting stamps. ②主语 (第三人称单数)+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他如: Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays. She sometimes goes to the park with her mother. 3、动词三单形式 的变化规则:①一般情况下,直接加s 如: read-reads , swim-swims ②以 s,x ,sh ,ch ,o 结尾,加 es 如: wash-washes ,watch-watches , do-does ③以辅音字母+ y 结尾,变 y 为 i,再加 es 如: study-studies ,fly-flies ④不规则变化如: have-has 4、一般现在时的句型转换:肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答They watch TV every day. They don’t watch TV every day. — Do they watch TV every day? — Yes, they do . / No, they don’t. She watches TV every day. She doesn’t watchTV every day. — Does she watch TV every day? — Yes, she does . / No, she doesn’t. 现在进行时1、定义:表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有now ,look , listen 等词。如: I am washing clothes now. Look! Liu Tao is climbing the tree. Listen! Jane is singing in the music room. 2、构成: be 动词( am/is/are) + 动词现在分词(V-ing )3、动词现在分词 构成:①一般是在动词原形后加ing 如: read-reading ,drink-drinking ,eat-eating ,look-looking ②以不发音的e 结尾的动词,去掉e,再加 ing 如: write-writing , make-making ,ride-riding ,take-taking ③以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写这个字母,再加ing 如:sit-sitting ,swim-swimming,put-putting ,...