初中英语构词法基本知识讲解各类构词法一览前缀例词派生词un- “不”happy unhappy like unlike usual unusual friendly unfriendly im- “不”possible impossible 后缀例词派生词-er“人”teach teacher play player clean cleaner drive driver （以 e 结尾， -r ）run runner （重读闭音节，双写-er) win winner travel traveller -or “人”invent inventor visit visitor -ly （副词后缀）bad badly quick quickly careful carefully happy happily deep deeply lucky luckily usual usually noisy noisily slow slowly angry angrily strong strongly quiet quietly 特例： true truly terrible terribly possible possibly -ful （形容词后缀）care careful help helpful use useful forget forgetful -y （形容词后缀）rain rainy luck lucky cloud cloudy noise noisy （以 e结尾，去e，加 -y）snow snowy sun sunny （双写，加 -y）wind windy -ion （名词后缀）invent invention operate operation -ness（名词后缀）busy business good goodness 一些特例：动词－－－形容词sleep asleep diedead enjoy enjoyable 动词－－－现在分词转化为名词boat boating build building begin beginning cross crossing meet meeting turnturning 名词－－－形容词friend friendly south southern wool woolen danger dangerous difference different fry fried worry worried 动词－－－过去分词转为形容词break broken lose lost please pleased colour coloured 动词－－－名词know knowledge fly flight please pleasure 名词－－－名词farmfarmer 农夫动词－－－现在分词、过去分词转为形容词follow following interest interested “感兴趣的”只作表语，仅用于 be interested in interesting “有趣的”可作表语和定语develop developed “发达的”developing “发展中的”
