美国文学史整理一、 Colonial America 殖民时期1、 New England ： Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. 2、 Doctrines of Puritanism清教American Puritanism stressed predestination（命运神定 ), original sin（原罪） , total depravity (彻底的堕落 ), and limited atonement ( 有限的赎罪 )from God ’s grace. 3、 Writing style：fresh, simple and direct and with a touch of nobility； the rhetoric is plain and honest. 4、 Life style ：hard work, thrift, piety, and sobriety. 5、 Main writer:①Thomas Paine 托马斯· 潘恩work ：Common Sense (1776) 《常识》American Crisis (1776-1783)《美国危机》The Rights of Man 《人权》The Age of Reason《理性时代》②Benjamin Franklin（本杰明· 富兰克林）Poor Richard’ s Almanac《穷查理历书》Autobiography 《富兰克林自传》 ③Thomas Jefferson 托马斯· 杰弗逊Declaration of Independence (1776) 《独立宣言》 二、 American Romanticism (early period) 浪漫主义前期1、 Characteristics ：①A rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism. 反对理性主义的客观性。②Feelings, intuitions and emotions were more important for romantics than reason and common sense. 感受、直觉和情感重于理性和常识。③An emphasis on individualism; placing the individual against the group, against authority. 强调个人主义 ,将个人与团体 ,反对权威。④Stress on the close relationship between man and nature. 强调人与自然之间的密切关系。⑤Fascination with the wild, the irregular, the indefinite, the remote, the mysterious, and the strange 疯狂的迷恋 ,不规则 ,不定 ,远程 ,神秘 ,奇怪⑥Cherishing a strong interest in the past, especially the medieval. 对过去有强烈的兴趣,特别是中世纪。2、 Features ：New experience in the A...
