动词不定式的基本用法归纳Unit1RevisetheInfinitive一、动词不定时的形式肯定式：todosth否定式：nottodosth.被动式：tobedone完成式：tohavedone壹结构:todo;(否定)nottodo二.时态与语态主动语态被动语态一般式进行式完成式完成进行式不定式todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendonetohavebeendoing--------------------(1).Theypretendednottoseeus.(2).Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3).Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎同时/发生在它之后.)(进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)(4).We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)1.作主语2.作宾语3.作表语4.作宾语补足语5.作定语6.作状语7.作独立成分8.与疑问词等连用1.作主语A.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如：(1)Toseeistobelieve.(2)TomasterEnglishgivesusmuchhelpinthestudyofscience.B.不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，构成“Itis+形容词(+forsb.)不定式”结构。Itisimpossibleforhimtogiveupsmoking.二、动词不定式的用法2.作宾语A．动词后直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多，如mean,decide,fail,wish,expect,promise,pretend,choose,want,wouldliketo,intend,plan等等。Imeantogothereatonce.B.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语。句型为“主语+find(make,feel,think,believe,consider,etc)+it+形容词/名词+todosth”。Ithinkitnecessarytoreportthethingtotheteacher.Ifinditinterestingtoworkwithhim.练习：翻译句子我发现学好英语并不太难。Helikesto______________.Ifinditstillnecessary(forhim)to___________ifhewantstowin.(2)不定式作宾语练习playbasketball句型：think/consider/believe/find/make/feelit+adj./n.+todoC．动词不定式还可以用作介词宾语，但仅限于介词except和but（除了）。1)Theydidnothingexcept_______(work).2)Thereisnochoicebut_________(wait).常用句型有：Thereisnothingtodobut+动词原形(do)donothingbut（except）+动词原型（除做….之外别无选择）havenochoicebuttodo，别无选择只能去做...）除了做~之外没有其它事可以做。动词不定式常见的考点还有：hadbetter,wouldrather.....than,can'thelpbut,cannotbut,等结构后用动词原型。1)Wecannotbut_______atthesadnews.(weep).2)Youcan'thelpbut_________(respect)them.1)can'tbutdo不得不=havetodosth.eg,Hecan'tbut_______hiswork.(stop)他不得不停止工作.2)can'thelpbutdo=can'thelpdoing禁不住:unabletochangeone'sbehaviourorfeelingseg.We___________________him.=We______________________him.我们禁不住嘲笑起他来.3)donothingbut只（做某事）...nothingbut=onlyeg.He______________________complain.他只能抱怨.Heis_______________________wanderabout.他无所事事,只是在闲逛.stopcan'thelpbutlaughatcan'thelplaughingatcandonothingbutdoingnothingbut1.Therewasnothingtodointheeveningbut_____.A.readB.toreadC.readingD.isreading2.Thereisnothingwecandobutwait______.A.ascalmaspossibleB.aspossibleaswecanC.ascalmaswecanD.ascalmlyaswecan分析：也就是说calm应该用副词calmly.因为根据句意，calmly是修饰动词wait的，修饰动词应该用副词，形容词calm不能修是动词。3.Hecoulddonothingbut_______forthebus_____.A.wait,tocomeB.wait;comeC.waiting;comingD.waited;came【解析】试题分析:考查词组:第一空填wait,因为coulddonothingbutdosth只好做…,第二空填tocome,因为waitforsbtodosth等待某人做....他只好等汽车来。考点：非谓语动词ADA3．作表语动词不定式作表语:一是主语有不定式充当；二是主语由抽象名词充当。Toteachistolearn.Myjobistohelpthepatient.【注意】如果在主语中（通常在主语从句或修饰主语的定语从句中）又实意动词do时，...
