特殊句式 一、概说 特殊句式包含倒装、强调句型、反意疑问句等。 二、部分倒装 即将主语与助动词倒置，其结构与一般疑问句大致相同。英语中构成部分倒装的主要情形有： 1. 含否定意义的词(如never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, not only, no sooner, no longer, nowhere, by no means 等)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。如： Hardly had she begun speaking when there was a knock on the door. 她刚开始说话就听到了敲门声。 Little do we know his life. 我们对他的生活了解得很少。 By no means should you tell him about it. 你绝不要告诉他这事。 2. only 加状语（副词/介词短语/从句）放在句首时，其后用部分倒装。如： Only in this way can you do it well. 只有这样你才能做好。 Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时他才知道出了什么事。 3. so (neither, nor)表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用“so (neither, nor) + 助动词 + 主语”这样的倒装句式。如： He can sing English songs and so can I. 他会唱英语歌，我也会。He didn't see the film, and neither did I. 他没有看这部电影，我也没有看。 She is very beautiful and so was her mother when she was young. 她很漂亮，她妈妈年轻时也很漂亮。 4. 当虚拟条件句含有were, should, had 时，可省略if, 将were，should, had置干句首。如： Were I Tom(= If I were Tom), I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我就会拒绝。 Had I realized that(= If I had realized that), I would have done something. 我要是明白了这一点，我可能会采取某种行动。 5. so... that 结构中，将SO + adj. (adv. )置于句首时，其后要用倒装语序。如： So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天 气 太 冷 ，我们只好待 在家里。 So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光 速 很快 ，我们几 乎 没法 想 象 它 的速 度 。 三 、完 全 倒装 即将谓 语移 到主语前。英语中构成完 全 倒装的情形主要有： 1. 以 here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down...
