武汉理工大学 2008 年结构力学复试试卷（闭卷）一、英语翻译A: The force of the earth，s gravitational pull acts vertically downwards on our bodies giving us weight. ,wind forces,which can vary in magnitude,,tend to push us horizontally, Force therefore possess magnitude and direction. At the same time,,,the effect of a force depends upon its position.For example,a door may be opened or closed by pushing horizontally at its free edge,but if the same force is applied at any point on the vertical line through its hinges ,the door will neither open nor close,Thus we see that a force is specified by its magnitude ,direction and position and is therefore a vector quantity.As shuch it must obey the laws of vector addition,which is a fundamental concept that may be verified experimentally. B:`Frequently in civil engineering construction beams are fabricated from comparatively inexprnsive materials of strength which are reinforced by small amounts of high-strength material such as steel,in this way ,a timber beam of rectangular section may have steel plates bolted to its sides or to its top and bottom surfaces,Again,,concrete beams are reinforce in their weak tension zones and also,if necessary,min their compression zones ,by steel reinforcing bars,The design of reinforced concrete beams and concrete-and-steel beams is covered by Codes and relies ,as in thd case of steel beams,ultimate load analysis. 二、结构力学画出给出图示的变形曲线F三、钢结构什么是梁的整体失稳，可以采取哪些措施提高梁的整体稳定性？四、抗震在抗震计算中， 什么是振型分解反应谱法？在何种条件下，振型分解反应谱法可以简化为底部剪力法，为什么? 五、混凝土原理已知三根具有不同配筋率的等截面梁的刚度—弯矩曲线。试分析三根梁的：①正截面破坏特征；②开裂弯矩；③屈服弯矩；④极限弯矩；⑤抗弯刚度；⑥受拉钢筋的应力。...
