下载后可任意编辑自由贸易协议 投稿：邵櫾櫿27www.elsevier.com/locate/econbaseAstrategicandwelfaretheoreticanalysisoffreetradeareasEricW.Bonda,1,RaymondG.Riezmanb,2,ConstantinosSyropoulosc,*DepartmentofEconomics,PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,Universit下载后可任意编辑yPark,PA16802,USAbDepartmentofEconomics,W360PBB,UniversityofIowa,IowaCity,IA52242,USAcDepartmentofEconomics,FloridaInternationalUniversity,UniversityPark,DM-321,Miami,FL33199,USAReceived20April2001;receivedinrevisedform9April2024;accepted1December2024aAbstractWeconstructathree-countrymodeltodeterminehowtheformationoffreetradeareas(FTAs)affectsoptimaltariffsandwelfare.Wefindthat,atconstantrestoftheworld(ROW)tariffs,theadoptionofinternalfreetradeinducesunionmemberstoreducetheirexternaltariffsbelowtheKemp–Wan[J.Int.Econom.6(1976)95–97]level,andcausesROW’stermsoftradetoimproveanditswelfare下载后可任意编辑torise.WhenROWalsobehavesoptimally,itspolicyresponsetotheformationoftheFTAistoraisetariffs.Generally,FTAmembersprefertoliberalizeinternaltradepartiallyandfindregionalintegrationappealingonlyiftheircollectivesizeissufficientlylarge.WealsodemonstratehowFTAsmayunderminetheattainmentofglobalfreetrade.D2024ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Regionalism;Freetradeareas;Kemp–Wantariffadjustments;Strategicinteractions;WelfareJELclassification:F11;F13;F15;F42*Correspondingauthor.Tel.:+1-305-348-2592;fax:+1-305-348-1524.E-mailaddresses:ewb1@psu.edu(E.W.Bond),raymond-riezman@uiowa.edu(R.G.Riezman),syropoul@fiu.edu(C.Syropoulos).1Tel.:+1-814-863-0315.下载后可任意编辑2Tel.:+1-319-335-0832.0022-1996/$-seefrontmatterD2024ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.doi:10.1016/S0022-1996(03)00078-32E.W.Bondetal./JournalofInternationalEconomics64(2024)1–271.IntroductionAWorldTradeOrganization(2000)reportonpreferentialtradeagreementsidentified172tradeaccordsinforceasofJune2000,withanadditional68agreementsundernegotiation.Freetradeareas(FTAs)accountedfor148oftheagreementsinforceand67oftheagreementsundernegotiation.Yet,despitetheoverw...
