case the novelist intends to point out the profound cause of Gatsby’s tragedy. Dr. Watson in the stories of Sherloc Holmes serves as a foil to the hero, rendering the detective smarter than he would otherwise appear to the reader. By the degree of their development, characters can be grouped as round characters and flat characters. This division is proposed by E.M Forster. Round characters are fully developed while flat characters are not. Or we can say that round characters grow while flat characters do not. Usually the reader is allowed access to the inner life of the round character and permitted to learn about man sides of the round character. The flat character is a “closed” character to whose inner thoughts the reader is denied access. Usually one side of the flat character is shown in the novel. Most heroes are round characters who grow emotionally or spiritually. Chapter Three Theme Aristotle in Poetics lists six basic elements of tragedy. Melody (song) and diction (language) fall in the general category of style, and spectacle is relevant to setting inour discussion of fiction. The other three aspects are mythos or plot, ethos or character, and dianoia, which we generally translate into thought in English. According to Aristotle, plot is the soul or shaping principle or fiction, and characters exist primarily as functions of the plot. In most of the stories, plot plays the role of principal structure of the story. But, as Northrop Frye points out, besides the internal fiction of the character and his/her society, there is an external fiction consisting of a relation between the writer and the writers society. We indeed have literary works by the likes of Shaespeare and Home...
