Issue: 01 1 Appendix D: Guide Words and Deviations 引导词和偏差 Deviation Causes More flow 流量增大 Bypass valve open 旁通阀打开 Increased pumping capacity 泵能力增大 Operation of pumps in parallel 并联的泵同时运行 Reduced delivery head 输送扬程降低 Worn or deleted restriction orifice plates 限流孔板磨损或拆除 Cross connection of systems 系统跨接 Control faults控制故障 Control valve trim changed调节阀阀芯更换 Control valve fails open 调节阀故障开 Burst pipe管线破裂 Large leak大量泄漏Exchanger tube leaks 换热器管泄漏 Wrong valve open开阀错误 Wrong lineup or misdirected flow 管线连接错误 Slug flow团状流动 Water hammer水锤 Increased flow from upstream process 上游工艺流量增大Change in fluid density 流体密度改变 Less flow 流量减小 Line restriction 管线不畅 Filter fouled 过滤器堵塞 Competing pump heads and flows 泵扬程和流量相互牵制 Fouling of vessels, lines, valves, or orifice plates 容器，管线，阀门，孔板结垢 Density or viscosity changes 流体密度/粘度变化 Defective pumps泵缺陷 Inadvertently throttled valve 偶然截流的阀门 Incorrect valve sizing 错误的阀门尺寸 Wrong lineup 管线连接错误 Surging喘振 No flow 无流量 Block valve closed 截止阀关闭 Wrong lineup 管线连接错误 Slip blind installed 安装盲板 Incorrectly installed check valve 止回阀安装错误 Equipment failure (control valve, isolation valve, pump, vessel, instrumentation, etc.) 设备故障（调节阀，隔离阀，泵，容器，仪表等） Isolation in error误隔离 Power failure停电 Plugged line管线堵塞 Incorrect pressure differential不正确的压差Control valve fails closed 调节阀故障关 Reverse flow 逆流 Malfunctioning, omitted, wrong type of check valves (note that check valves are not usually bubble tight or positive shutoff devices)止回阀故障或未安装（注意止回阀一般不是气密或正压截断装置） Siphon effect 虹吸效应 Incorrect differential ...
