所有重要的高中化学方程式汇总

精品文档---下载后可任意编辑F2+Xe(过量)==XeF22F2(过量)+Xe==XeF4 (XeF4是强氧化剂，能将 Mn2+氧化为 MnO4–)nF2+2M===2MFn(M 表示大部分金属) 2F2+2H2O===4HF+O2(水是还原剂)2F2+2NaOH===2NaF+OF2+H2O F2+2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2F2+2NaBr===2NaF+Br2F2+2NaI===2NaF+I27F2(过量)+I2===2IF7F2+Cl2(等体积)===2ClF (ClF 属于类卤素：ClF+H2O==HF+HClO )3F2(过量)+Cl2===2ClF3(ClF3+3H2O==3HF+HClO3 )Cl2+H22HCl (将 H2在 Cl2点燃；混合点燃、加热、光照发生爆炸)3Cl2+2P2PCl3Cl2+PCl3PCl5Cl2+2Na2NaCl 3Cl2+2Fe2FeCl3Cl2+CuCuCl2Cl2+2FeCl2===2FeCl3 (在水溶液中：Cl2+2Fe2+===2Fe3++3Cl)Cl2+2NaBr===2NaCl+Br2Cl2+2Br=2Cl+Br2Cl2+2KI===2KCl+I2Cl2+2I=2Cl+I23Cl2(过量)+2KI+3H2O===6HCl+KIO33Cl2+I–+3H2O=6H++6Cl–+IO3–5Cl2+I2+6H2O===2HIO3+10HCl 5Cl2+I2+6H2O=10Cl–+IO3–+12H+Cl2+Na2S===2NaCl+S↓Cl2+S2–=2Cl–+S↓Cl2+H2S===2HCl+S↓ (水溶液中：Cl2+H2S=2H++2Cl–+S↓Cl2+SO2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HCl Cl2+SO2+2H2O=4H++SO42–+2Cl–Cl2+H2O2===2HCl+O2Cl2+H2O2=2H++Cl–+O22O2+3FeFe3O4O2+K===KO2S+H2H2S 2S+CCS2S+ZnZnS S+FeFeS (既能由单质制取，又能由离子制取) S+2CuCu2S (只能由单质制取，不能由离子制取)3S+2AlAl2S3(只能由单质制取，不能由离子制取)N2+3H22NH3N2+3MgMg3N2N2+3CaCa3N2N2+3BaBa3N2N2+6Na2Na3N N2+6K2K3N N2+6Rb2Rb3N N2+2Al2AlNP4+6H24PH3P+3NaNa3P 2P+3ZnZn3P2H2+2Li2LiH2、还原性 S+O2SO2S+H2SO4(浓)3SO2↑+2H2O S+6HNO3(浓)H2SO4+6NO2↑+2H2O S+4H++6==6NO2↑+2H2O+SO42-3S+4HNO3(稀)3SO2+4NO↑+2H2O 3S+4H++4NO3−3SO2+4NO↑+2H2ON2+O22NO 4P+5O2P4O10(常写成 P2O5) 2P+3X22PX3（X 表示 F2，Cl2，Br2）PX3+X2PX5P4+20HNO3(浓)4H3PO4+20NO2↑+4H2O C+2F2CF4C+2Cl2CCl4 C+O2(足量)CO22C+O2(少量)2COC+CO22CO C+H2OCO+H2(生成水煤气) 2C+SiO2Si+2CO(制得粗硅) Si(粗)+2Cl2SiCl4(SiCl4+2H2===Si(纯)+4HCl) Si(粉)+O2SiO2Si+CSiC(金刚砂) Si+2NaOH+H2O==Na2SiO3+2H2↑(Si+2OH+H2O=SiO32−+2H2↑)3、歧化反应 Cl2+H2O==HCl+HClO（加碱或光照促进歧化： (Cl2+H2OH++Cl–+HClO） Cl2+2NaOH==NaCl+NaClO+H2O(Cl2+2OH–=Cl–+ClO–+H2O)Cl2+2Ca(OH)2==CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O (Cl2+2OH–=Cl–+ClO–+H2O)3Cl2+6KOH(浓)5KCl+KClO3+3H2O(3Cl2+6OH–5Cl–+ClO3–+3H2O)3S+6NaOH2Na2S+Na2S...