英语试题公共英语部分注:括号里面的文字的意思:1.根据整篇短文的理解加进去,只是为了正片读起来相对比较通顺而已,省去括号里面的内容也可。2.考虑的翻译的可读性,改变了原本的表述方法,括号里是字面上的意思3.每句与每句之间的衔接的逻辑连接词。4.对前句翻译的说明。另,有些翻译仍然不够通顺,请见谅!^_^PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese:1、Criticsofearlyschoolingciteresearchthatquestionswhether4-year-oldchildrenarereadytotakeonformallearning.早教的批评者援引有关4岁的小孩是否已经准备好接受正规学习的研究。Educatorsfindthatoldertoddlersaremorelikelytosucceedduringtheirschoolcareers,whereastheiryoungercounterpartsaremorelikelytofail.一些教育者们发现那些学步较晚的小孩更能胜任学校的功课,而那些较早学步的小孩反而不尽人意。Kindergartenchildrenwhoturnfiveduringthelatterhalfoftheyearseemtobeatadisadvantagewhenitcomestophysical,emotional,social,andintellectualdevelopment.那些4岁半即将5岁的幼儿园小孩,在生理、心理、社交、智力的发展上似乎处于劣势地位。Additionally,childrenwhoarenearlysixwhentheyenterkindergartentendtoreceivebettergradesandscorehigheronachievementteststhroughouttheirschoolingexperiencethandothosewhobeginkindergartenhavingjustturnedfive.另外,相比于那些刚刚5岁就被送进幼儿园的小孩,那些接近6岁才进入幼儿园的小孩在他们学校功课中常常能够获得更好的成绩,在成绩测试中也常常获得较高的分数。Beingbrightandverballyskillfulandbeingreadyforschooldonotseemtobethesamething.(一个小孩)聪明、语言表达能力(是否强)与(他)是否适龄入学似乎并不是一回事。Itiseasytoconfusethesuperficialpoiseandsophisticationofmanyoftoday’schildrenwithinnermaturity.如今小孩身上表现出来沉着、老练与内在的成熟,这两者很容易被混淆。Indeed,evidencesuggeststhatearlyschoolingboomerangs:Youngsterswhoseparentspushthemtoattainacademicsuccessinpreschoolarelesscreative,havemoreanxietyabouttests,and,bytheendofkindergarten,failtomaintaintheirinitialacademicadvantageovertheirless-pressuredpeers.实际上,有证据显示,早教所带来的恰恰适得其反。那些被父母后面督促着而学业有成的小孩(往往)缺乏创造力,而且对于考试他们显得更加焦虑。同时,相对于没有收到重压的同龄人,到学前教育结束之时,他们(已)难以维持最初在学业上的优势。Manypsychologistsandeducatorsremainskepticalofapproachesthatplace4-year-oldsinaformaleducationalsetting.对于将4岁小孩放入正式教育的这种做法,许多心理学家和教育家都持怀疑态度。Theyquestionwhetherenvironmentalenrichmentcansignificantlyalterthebuilt-indevelopmentaltimetableofachildrearedinanondisadvantagedhome.通过丰富环境能否显著地改变一个成长在普通家庭(字面:非弱势家庭)孩子的自然成长规律(字面:发展/成长时间表),这是他们有所质疑的地方。Theydonotdeny,however,thevalueofday-carecentersandnurseryschoolsthatprovideahomelikeenvironmentandallowchildrenconsiderablefreedomtoplay,developattheirownpace,andevolvetheirsocialskills.然而,他们也并不否认那些托儿所和幼儿园的发挥的重要性。它们给孩子们提供了家一样的环境,充分自由的玩乐空间,任孩子们慢慢成长(字面:让它们按照自己的步伐成长/发展),同时还培养了它们的社交能力。Buttheypointoutthatmanyofthethingschildrenoncedidinfirstgradearenowexpectedoftheminkindergarten,andtheyworrylestmoreandmorewillnowbeaskedof4-year-olds.但是,它们也指出,以前许多在一年级才要求掌握的事情现在希望还在幼儿园的孩子也要学会,他们甚至还唯恐4岁的小孩知之过少(字面:他们唯恐小孩所要要求的将越来越多)。Thesepsychologistsandeducatorsbelievewearedrivingyoungchildrentoohardandtherebydeprivingthemoftheirchildhood.(同...