聆听音乐中英文讲义2.IntroductiontoInstrumentsandMusicalGenres介绍乐器和音乐风格早上好Okay.Goodmorning.上周末布置你们阅读的内容Overtheweekend,youwereassignedmaterial出自课本第一章fromchapteroneofthetext那些内容是关于anditdealtreallywith三首著名古典曲目的开始部分threefamousbeginningsofpiecesofclassicalmusic.首先谁来告诉我Somebodytellmeattheoutset:是哪三首著名的古典曲目whatwerethosethreefamouspieces?这位年轻的女士Youngladydownhere.第一首是贝多芬的ThefirstwasBeethoven's.对是贝多芬的第五交响曲Okay,Beethoven'sFifthSymphony.那第二首呢Whatwasthesecondone?是柴可夫斯基的第一钢琴协奏曲IbelieveitwasTchaikovsky'sPianoConcertonumberOne.对柴可夫斯基的第一钢琴协奏曲Yeah,PianoConcertoNumberOneofTchaikovsky,那第三首呢andthethirdone?是的这是理查·施特劳斯的作品Yeah,thispiecebyRichardStrauss它有个发音滑稽的德文名withthisfunnysoundingGermanname.我们称之为查拉图斯特拉就好了We'lljustcallitZarathustra,查拉图斯特拉是位先知thisprophet,Zarathustra.就是这三首乐曲Sothosearethethreepieces与它们的音乐风格相关的知识andtheissuestherehadtodowithmusicalgenre我们接下来会进一步探讨thatwe'regoingtotalkalittlebitmoreaboutinamoment,还有关于乐器的知识andtheinstruments.你们先前做过Andyouwentaheadandworkedwiththe听力练习九至十一题ListeningExercisesninethrougheleven在这些练习中toengagethemusicalinstrumentsabit你们增长了对乐器的一些认识inthoseparticularexercises,今天我们请来了表演者andwehaveperformersheretoday你们将看到他们稍候thataregoingto,asyoucansee,将为我们在这里演示一些乐器demonstratesomeoftheseinstrumentsforus.首先我们得明确一点Let'smakeonepointveryclearattheoutset.我经常见到学生撰写的论文中提到OftentimesIgetstudentpapersthatreferto贝多芬的第五交响曲"Beethoven'sfifthsong"或是柴可夫斯基的第一钢琴协奏曲Or"Tchaikovsky'sfirstpianosong."这样好吗Isthatright?不一点不好No,that'snotgoodatall.那些是歌曲吗Arethesesongs?一首歌里哪些因素不可或缺呢Whatdoyouhavetohavetomakesomethingasong?是歌词Lyrics.你得有文字You'vegottohaveatext而百分之八十的古典乐中却没有andsowedon'thave--ineightypercentofclassicalmusic--没有歌词wedon'thavelyrics;没有文字wedon'thaveatext.没错歌剧中是有歌词的Well,yes,withoperaofcourse,但其他百分之八十的古典乐都是纯器乐buttheothereightypercentispurelyinstrumentalmusic.纯器乐的演奏方式容我重申Itworksitsmagic,again,能产生神奇的效果throughpurelyinstrumentalmeans,所以我们其实不能把器乐称为歌曲sowecan'treallycallthosesongs,这让我很困惑andthispuzzledme.有天我在苹果的iTunes音乐商店OnedayIwassittingthereatiTunes想买首莫扎特小夜曲它属于室内乐andIwantedtobuyaninteriormovementofaMozartserenade我准备买下时网页上显示soIwasallsettopurchasethisanditsaid,"购买歌曲""Buysong."Boom.我灵机一动想到了问题关键Thattoldmetheanswer.这就是这个术语的由来That'swherethisterminologycomesintoplay我们在iTunes音乐商店购买歌曲becauseoniTuneswebuysongs.可能买的是纯器乐Itcouldbepurelyinstrumental却被称为"买首歌"butit'scalled"Buyasong,"但我们不想用那种说法Butwedon'twanttousethatsortofparlance.我们想用些更精确的词藻Wewanttobemore--abitmoresophisticatedthanthat,用其他措辞表现ifyouwill,anduseotherterms,我们一般会说贝多芬的音乐创作sowe'lltalkgenerallyaboutBeethoven'scomposition或贝多芬的乐章贝多芬的乐曲orBeethoven'spieceorBeethoven'swork他的杰作或名曲orhismasterworkorchefd'oeuvre或是任何你想到的花哨词汇称呼它orhoweverfancyyouwanttogetwithit.我们还可以进一步Wecouldalsogoon更加精确地说andbealittlemorepreciseandsay它属于某种独特的音乐风格itbelongst...
