高中英语 2-5模块-1单元 Grammar语法分析 牛津版必修5

Grammar: 动词不定式Ⅰ. 不定式句法功能1. 作主语：The cat said, “To take roller coaster” is terrible. 不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词 it 作形式主语。→ The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.” How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster?不定式作主语常见句型：a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + 不定式eg. It’s my duty to teach you how to be a student of No.3 Middle School.c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式eg. It requires patience to be a good teacher.2. 作表语：当句子的主语是 aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是 what 引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。eg. Our most important task now is to make a plan.注：作表语的不定式都带 to，但当主语部分有实义动词 do 时，to 可以省略。eg. The only thing we can do now is wait and see.3.作宾语 The cat said “Remember not to take it next time!”.a) 可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish 等2005 年天津卷 12 题：I don’t want _____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded当不定式短语比宾补长时，往往将不定式放到宾补后，而用先行代词 it 作形式宾语，常用动词有 feel, think, find, believe, consider, make 等。The cat felt it terrible to take roller coaster.b) 不定式一般不作介词的宾语，只有少数介词如 but, except 等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带 to...