高中英语 unit4 body language-grammar学案 新人教版必修4

unit4 body language- Grammar 学案导学Learning aim: Grasp the usages of -ing form used as the attributive and the adverbialI. Preparation for the grammar by oneself before class.[自学探究] （SB P29 Discovering useful structures）II. Students work toghter to make a thorough inquiry during class.[合作学习］STEP1.现在分词作定语现在分词及其短语可以在句子中作定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。其动作和谓语动词同时发生，与其修饰词之间是主动关系，也就是说现在分词的动作就是它修饰的那个词的动作。1．现在分词作定语时的位置（1）现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词之前；分词短语用于它所修饰词的后面。例如：He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。They lived a room facing the north thirty years ago.三十年前，他住在一个朝北的房间里。（2）如现在分词修饰由 some/any/no + thing/body/one 所形成的不定代词或指示代词 those时，分词在这些被修饰词的后面。例如：Anyone swimming will be punished.正在游泳的任何人都将受到惩罚。重点把握：动词-ing 形式中的动名词也可用作定语，它表示用作…的，而现在分词作定语通常相当于一个定语从句。如：a writing table = a table used for writing ； a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping2、现在分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系 现在分词表进行意味和主动意味，因此，用现在分词作定语时，其表示的动作是与谓语动词同时发生的,或是正在发生的动作。例如： There were no soldiers drilling.= There were no soldiers who were drilling.没有士兵在操练。The man running over there is our chairman.= The man who is running over there is our chairman. 正在朝那边跑的那个人是我们主席。重点把握：having done(现在分词的完成时态)表示该动作先于另一个动作，现在分词的完成时态永远不能作定语。用心 爱心 专心13、如果一个及物动词作定语，既要表达进行意味，又要表达被动意味时，可用现在分词的被动语态。例如：The meeting being held is very important.正召开的会议很重要。The skyscraper being built is still higher than that built the year before last.正在建的那幢摩天大楼比前年建...