摘 要数字滤波器是数字信号处理中最重要的组成部分之一。在许多科学技术领域中，广泛使用滤波器对信号进行处理。数字滤波器可以分为两类，即有限冲激响应数字滤波器(FIR)和无限冲激响应数字滤波器(IIR)。本文就分别对这两类数字滤波器的设计和实现来进行分析讨论。在 FIR 滤波器的设计过程中主要探讨了两个问题，其一是 FIR 线性相位滤波器的特点及相关公式推导；其二是用窗函数设计 FIR 滤波器，重点介绍了基于等波纹切比雪夫逼近准则实现了 FIR数字滤波器的优化设计并通过 MATLAB 的仿真实现。在 IIR 滤波器的设计过程中，将设计步骤分为三步，即模拟滤波器原型设计，模拟一数字滤波器变换，滤波器频带变换。着重介绍了频域直接设计法和优化设计法。在这两类滤波器的整个设计过程都是根据理论分析、编程设计、具体实现的步骤来进行的。关键词：数字滤波器；MATLAB；优化设计算法；冲击响应ABSTRACTDigital filter is one of the most important parts of digital signal processing.1J1 many fields of science and technology, it is widely used for signal processing. Digital filter can be divided as the Finite Impulse Response digital filter (FIR) and the Infinite Impulse Response digital filter (IIR).The paper aims at respective study in the design and realization of these two kinds of digital filters. Two major points are discussed about the design of FIR filters: the characteristics of FIR linear phase filter and the reasoning of related formulas: the other is about the design of the FIR filters by means of window functions. Introduce with emphasis based on and so on ripple Chebychev approached the criterion to implement the FIR filters optimized design and through the MATLAB simulation implementation.The design of IIR filters can be achieved through three steps: the design of prototype of analog low-pass filter, analog-to-digital filter conversion and the conversion of filter frequency band. Introduce the frequency range direct design law and the optimized d...
