本科毕业设计-绿色贸易壁垒对我国出口贸易的影响及应对策略

AbstractWith the developing global economy and the gradual strengthening multilateral trading system, the tariff and traditional non-tariff trade protection measures is greatly weakened. At the same time, a green barrier is built for protecting the trade with the economic and technological advantages. More and more countries (mainly developed countries) use it to protect their trade. Developed countries, used the green trade barriers to limit our export products. It has a bad affect on our export market, trade term and the international competitiveness of our exporters. But it is also good for our enterprises to upgrade their environmental standards, improve their environmental protection and environmental quality. This paper expounded the meaning of green barriers, causes, forms and status, and then analyzed the affect of the green barriers on China's economy, and proposed countermeasuresKey Words：green trade barriers, export, the solution strategies引言我国是世界上最大的进展中国家，出口的产品大部分都是劳动密集型产品，而这些产品往往受到环境保护措施的影响很大。发达国家凭其在经济和技术上的优势，制定了很多苛刻的环境技术标准和法规，使得我国不能顺利出口机电产品，服装和纺织品，农产品，食品等产品。有些发达国家不对市场准入直接设限，而是通过绿色标准的设置使我国出口产品成本增加，削弱了我国该类产品的国际竞争力。我国出口企业为了获得国外的绿色标志，要支付一系列的直接费用和间接费用。这些发达国家通过对我国出口产品征收绿色关税，增加了这些产品的出口成本，使得这些产品在国际竞争中丧失了价格优势，从而阻碍我国的出口贸易的进展。1.绿色贸易壁垒1.1 绿色贸易壁垒的含义①从理论上讲，绿色贸易壁垒泛指进出口国家或地区以保护自然资源、生态环境和人类及动植物的健康为目的而实施的限制或禁止进出口贸易的一切措施。从实践来看，绿色壁垒多是发达国家或地区凭借经济和技术的优势，以保护自然资源、生态环境和人类及动植物的健康为由，通过制定严格的环保技术标准或采纳绿色环境标...