2010 年 11 月 6 日学位北京英语考试 A 卷真题 Ｑ ue ｓｔｉ on ｓ 1 to 5 ａ re base ｄ on the following pa ｓ s ａge： Ａ rc ｈ aeolo ｇ y， like many academ ｉ c ｗ ords， comes f ｒｏm Ｇｒ eek a ｎｄ means, m ｏ re or les ｓ, “ｔ he stud ｙ of o ｌ d thing ｓ”． S ｏ, it is r ｅ al ｌｙ a part ｏ f the s ｔ u ｄｙ o ｆ h ｉ stoｒ y. Ｈｏ weve ｒ, mos ｔ his ｔｏｒｉ ans use pa ｐ er ev ｉ dence, s ｕ c ｈ a ｓ let ｔ ers, pain ｔ ing ｓ a ｎ d pho ｔｏ g ｒ aph ｓ,but a ｒ ch ａ eol ｏ gists (考古学家) ｌ earn from the objects left b ｅｈi ｎ d by t ｈ e hum ａ ns of long ａ go. Norm ａ l ｌｙ, ｔ he ｓ e are the hard ｍ a ｔｅ ri ａ l ｓ th ａｔ ｄ on＇ｔ b ｒ e ａ k down ｏ r disappear very qu ｉｃ kly—th ｉ ngs l ｉ ke hu ｍ an ｂｏｎｅ s and obje ｃ ts made f ｒ om s ｔ one and m ｅｔａ l． It i ｓ ve ｒ y unusual t ｏ f ｉ nd ａ nyt ｈｉ ng ｍ ore than the hａｒ d evidence ｏ f hist ｏ ry-－no ｒ mal ｌ y， ｔ he bacte ｒ i ａ (细菌) in the air eat away a ｔ soft ma ｔ eri ａ l ｓ, l ｉｋ e ｂ o ｄｉ es, clo ｔ he ｓ an ｄ ｔ h ｉ ngs ｍ ad ｅ of w ｏｏ d. Occ ａ sionally， ｔ hing ｓ a ｒｅ di ｆｆ erent. I ｎ 1 ９８４, t ｗ o men mad ｅ a ｎ ama ｚｉｎ g discov ｅｒｙ ｗ hｉ le ｗ orking i ｎ a bo ｇ ca ｌ led Lindo ｗ Mo ｓ s， ｉ n the north of Engl ａ n ｄ. Ａ bog i ｓ a v ｅ ry wet ａ r ｅ a of e ａ rth, w ｉ th a lot of plants g ｒｏｗ ing in it. Ｉ t can be like a ve ｒｙ ｂ ig and very ｔｈｉ ck veget ａｂ l ｅ s ｏ up—wal ｋ in th ｅ w ｒ o ｎｇ place and you ｃ an s ｉ nk and disappear ｆ o ｒｅｖ er. The men were working ｗ hen...
