高考英语总复习 高考语法与写作 专题8 定语从句教学案 外研版-外研版高三全册英语教学案

专题八 定语从句(一)语法讲练——过知识关要点一 关系代词Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业文凭。My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。1．关系代词 that 与 which 的用法(1)限制性定语从句中只用 that 不用 which 的情况：① 先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用 that。Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?你有什么要为自己说的吗？② 先行词被序数词，形容词最高级，the only，the very，the just, the last 等修饰时，关系代词通常只用 that，不用 which。This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。This is the only thing that we can do now.这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。③ 先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用 that，不用 which。The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。④ 定语从句出现在 which 或 who 的特殊疑问句中时用 that。Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？⑤ 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用 which，另外一个宜用 that。They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.他们偷偷地建了一家小工厂，这家工厂生产可能会造成污染的东西。⑥ 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中作表语时Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.上海不再是过去的那座城市了。(2)只用 which 不用 that 的情况：① 引导非限制性定语从句。Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him.海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多，这当然让其他的儿子很嫉妒她的小儿子。② 关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词...