.'.主语和谓语的一致.1.主语和谓语的一致关系:谓语要与主语在人称和数上保持一致:Herdreamshavecometrue.Herdreamhascometrue.Sheoftenarrivesatschoollate.Theyoftenarriveatschoollate.Itisgettingdark.Eggsaregettingscarcer.Iamgettingbored.2.确定主语单复数的三个原则:2–1.语法上一致的原则:Theboyplaysfootballwell.Theboysplayfootballwell.Itisbitterlycold.Iamverycold.2–2.概念上一致的原则:Myfamilyareallearlyrisers.(指家中的全体成员,有复数含义)Hisfamilyhasmovedintothenewhouse.(指整个家,用作单数)Fiveminutesisenough.(一个时间段,看作单数)Thecrewarewaitingforinstructionsfromthecaptain.(指全体船员,复数)2–3.邻近词一致的原则:Neitherhenortheyarewhollyright.NeitherTomnortheBrownsenjoytheirjourneytoBeijingowingtothebadweather.Eitheryourkeyormykeyismissing.Notonlybutalsotheirteacherhasparticipatedintheparty.HeorIaminthewrong.-what’sworthvisitingthere?.'.-well,there’sthepark,thecastleandthemuseum.3.主谓一致的具体原则:3–1.根据语法一致的原则确定谓语形式:单数主语+单数谓语;复数主语+复数谓语Theteacherencouragesthestudentstospeakfreely.Mywagesarelow,butmetaxesarehigh.Theirhousehasnineroom.Italwayspaystogiveyourpaperonefinalcheck.在“主语+系词+表语结构”中,系动词要与主语的数保持一致,不受其表语的影响.Theirgreatestconcernisthechildren.Themostappreciatedgiftwastheclothesthatyousentus.Whatweneedmostisbooks.Paulisfriendswithbill.在“单数名词(主语)+(together)with+名词”结构中谓语只与主语保持一致,这是因为上述短语只起修饰主语的作用,而非主语的一部分.短语:Alongwith,aswellas,inadditionto,accompaniedby,ratherthan,asmuchas,nolessthan,including,besides,except,but,like.Thefactorywithallitsequipmenthasbeenburnt.YouaswellasIarewrong.Themanager,alongwithhissecretaries,isgoingtoadinnerpartytonight.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttohelpinthiswork.Theteacher,asmuchastheparents,istoblamefortheaccident.Mr.Robbins,accompaniedbyhiswife,isarrivingtonight.3–2主语含有and时的谓语形式:“单数名词+and+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数.Reading,writingandarithmeticarecalledthethreeR’s.JoeandBobaresmart.HeandIaregoodfriends..'.Thepoetandthenovelistwerebothpresentatthemeeting.如果由and所连接的并列主语指的是同一个人或物事,谓语动词用单数.Thestatesmanandpoetwasengagedinwarfareallhislife.Ateacherandnovelistisgoingtomakeaspeechinthehall.A/The+单数名词人+and+单数名词人+单数谓语指同一个人身兼两种职务.A/The+单数名词人+and+a/the+单数名词+复数谓语指不同职务的两个人.Theconductorandcomposerwasgreetedbyacrowdofpeople.Theconductorandthecomposerweregreetedbyacrowdofpeople.一下已被看成一个整体,因而做主语时,谓语动词用单数.Knifeandfork,needleandthread,acupandsaucer,ahorseandcarriage,trialanderror,lawandorder,etc.Lawandorderhasbeenestablished.Breadandbutterisourdailyfood.Fishandchipsisapopularfastfood.ThestarsandstripesisthenatioanlflagofUSA.Thesumandsubstanceofthespeechwasantiwar.主语为“every/each+单数名词+and+(every/each+)单数名词”时,谓语用单数.Everyman,woman,andchildneedslove.Eachboyandgirlwasgivenabook.Eachbookandeachpaperisheldinplace.Everyminuteandeverysecondisprecious.主语为“形容词+and+形容词+不可数名词或复数可数名词”,并且是涉及到该名词的品种或类别时,谓语动词用复数.Chineseandbritishbeerareservedatthepub.Coolingdraftbeerisservedatthepub.Cleveranddullstudentsaretreatedalike.Thereisablackandwhitepictureonthewall..'.当“both⋯and”连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数.Bothhisbrotherandsisteraremarried.Bothwhalesanddolphinsaremammals.3...
