定语从句总结复习定语从句是将定语扩大成一个完整句子，由关系代词或副词引导，放在所要修饰的名词之后，通常称被修饰的名词为先行词。●他是从美国来的英语老师。HeisanEnglishteacherfromAmerica.形容词介词短语●他是那个下学期要教我们的英文老师。主系定语从句表语定语从句HeisanEnglishteacherwhowillteachusnextterm.先行词关系代词在从句中做主语▲由关系代词引导的定语从句who代替人,在从句中做主语或宾语。which代替物，在从句中做主语或宾语。whom代替人，在从句中做宾语。that可以与whowhichwhom换用。whose代替人或物，在从句中做定语●他是去年教我们英语的老师。主系定语从句表语定语从句Heisateacherwho(that)taughtusEnglishlastyear.先行词关系代词在从句中做主语●这就是我们老师写的那本书。主系定语从句表语定语从句Thisisthebookthat(which)waswrittenbyourteacher.先行词关系代词在从句中做主语●这就是我在晚会上遇见的女孩。●Thatisthegirlwhom(that/who)Imetattheparty.先行词关系代词在从句中做met的宾语主系表语定语从句1注意定语从句中用that/which定物而不what,不要与在名词性从句混淆。1.Idon’tknowthebookthatyouwrote2.╳Idon’tknowthebookwhatyouwrote.●你刚才与之说话的男孩哪去了？定语从句主语表语Whereistheboywhoyoutalkedwithjustnow?介词后的关系代词注意有时关系代词在从句中不是做动词的宾语而是做介词的宾语。在这种情况下，通常有几种表达方式。●我认识你们谈论的那个人。定语从句Iknowthemanwhom(who/that)youaretalkingabout.先行词关系代词在从句中做介词about的宾语注：关系代词做介词about的宾语，about被保留在句尾时，关系代词可以用whomwho或that，可以省略。我们也可以将about放在关系代词whom之前。定语从句●Iknowthemanaboutwhomyouaretalking.先行词关系代词在从句中做介词about的宾语注：当about放在whom之前时，whom不能被省略，也不能用who或that代替whom.请看例句：●这就是你正在找的女孩吗？Isthisthegirlwho(whom/that)youarelookingfor?Isthisthegirlforwhomyouarelooking?注意必须使用关系代词that的几种情况1、先行词被形容词最高级修饰。●ThisistheworstbookthatIhaveread.●HeisthetallestmanthatIknow.2、先行词是all,everything,nothing,something等不定代词●Hetoldmeallthatheknew.3、当先行词被only,any,no,very,little或序数词修饰时。●Thatistheonlywaythatleadsintothemountain.●Whoisthefirststudentthatcamehere?注：上面3种情况不能使用who,whom,which等关系代词。当that在从句中做宾语时，可以省略。2注意在学习定语从句时，请注意关系代词和关系副词的区别，关系代词在从句中起到的是名词的作用，而关系副词起的是副词或介词短语的作用，即状语的作用。WhoseThisisthebookwhosecoverisred.ThisisthebookwhosecoverIlike▲关系副词When-----代替时间where-----代替地点why-----代替原因when●Iwillneverforgettheday.Ontheday,myfatherdied.Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenmyfatherdied.先行词关系副词在从句中做状语从以上的例句中可以看出，关系副词在从句中代替的是一个介词短语，相当于ontheday，做状语。该句也可以用关系代词来做。请注意关系代词与关系副词的区别。●Iwillneverforgetthedayonwhichmyfartherdied.先行词关系代词在从句中做介词on的宾语●Iwillneverforgettheday(which)myfartherdiedon.where●Lookatthehouse.Inthehouse,Iwasborn.LookatthehousewhereIwasborn.看，那就是我出生的房子。注：where在从句中充当状语，代替inthehouse，该句也可以用关系代词来做。●LookatthehouseinwhichIwasborn.●Lookatthehouse(which)Iwasbornin.注意关系代词在从句中起到的是名词的作用，而关系副词起的是副词或介词短语的作用，即状语的作用。1.●Lookatthehouse(which)Iwasbornin.2.╳●LookatthehousewhereIwasbornin.why●Iknowthereason.Sheisunhappyforthereasontoday.●Iknowthereasonwhysheisunhappytoday.关系副词why代替从句中forthereason。此句可以用关系代词做。3...
