句子成分概念：组成句子的各个部分，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语，主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。主语主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。主语（subject）:句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首•Thesunrisesintheeast.（名词）•Helikesdancing.（代词）•Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)•Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）讲述“谁”Weworkinabigfactory.讲述“什么”Theclassroomisverybig.数词作主语Threeareenough.三个人就够了不定式作主语TooperateontheblindisoneoftheORBISDoctor’sjob.从句作主语Whatweneedisfood.我们最需要的是食物.在“Therebe…”句型中，主语的位置在中间。如：Therearesomebottlesofmilkinthebox.在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。如：Itisveryinterestingtoplaythegamecalled“treatortrick”.Ittooktwoworkersaboutthreemonthstobuildthehouse.•Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）•Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）•Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.形式主语真正主语It=thattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree•Therichshouldhelpthepoor.名词化的形容词•1.Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.•2.Eattoomuchmeatisbadforyourhealth.V.不能做主语！指出下列句中主语的中心词①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.•介词不能作主语②Thereisanoldmancominghere.•Thereisanappleonthetable.•Anappleisthereonthetable.•③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotoday'shomeworkwithout④theteacher'shelpisverydifficult.•找出下面句子的主语•1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.•2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.•3.Cleaningthehouseneedsalotoftime.主语小测•单选：•1.Marywithhertwodaughters_____goingtoShanghaiforExplo2010nextmonth.•A.areB.wasC.isD.were•2.____moreexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.•A.DoB.DoesC.DidD.Doing•3.____isimpossibletofinishthisjobbeforeWednesday.•A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.They谓语：说明主语是什么，做什么或怎么样。由动词充当，主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。谓语动词存在多种时态，它是句子的核心。Heisverygenerous.ShelooksverysmartandcoolWehavefinishedthejob.HecanspeakGerman.谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。•Iloveyou!•Theywenttosleepverylatelastnight.•Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.•Theplanetookoffat10o’clock.•Howoftendoyougoshopping?•Whydidn’tyoucomebacklastnight?简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成•Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.•Hehascaughtabadcough.•Wearesudents.•Thatideasoundsgreat!•复合谓语：1.情态动词\助动词+v•2.系动词+adj.•Openthedoor,please!•Goandgetsomewaterforme.•Don’tlaughatothers!•Don’tcomebacklatetonight.•祈使句：•1.省略主语you•2.谓语动词用原形找出下列句子的谓语•①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.•②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.•③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?•⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?•⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.•⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.•⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.•⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?•11.Putawayyourbooksrightnow!•按要求找出下列句子的主谓：•1.Treesturngreenwhenspringcomes.（主谓）•2.Hebrokeapieceofglass.（谓）•3.Don’tgetnervous，andhelpyourselftowhatyoulike．（主谓）•4.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.（主谓）•5.Therearemanypeopleinthehall.（主）•6.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?（主谓）主谓小测祈使句,省略主语you•1.Itisdifficultforme______somuchworkwithinone...
