一、介绍与其重要性句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种：主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。●学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配，就能写出完整、正确的句子。句子成分与结构英语的句子成分：一）主语：Wallshaveears.Hewilltakeyoutothehospital.Threeplusfourequalsseven.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.Whetherornottheywillcomedependsontheweather.二）谓语由_____________担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。Actionspeakslouderthanwords.Thechancemaynevercomeagain.Maryhasbeenworkingatthedressshopsince1994.动词/动词短语名词代词数词todo不定式doing动名词句子当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。什么情况下用it作形式主语？你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗?你懂得翻译下列句子吗？1)Itiswrongtotellalie.()2)Itisnousearguingaboutit.()3)Itisuncertainwhowillcome.()说谎是错误的。争吵是没用的。谁要来还不确定。•1.WeloveChina.•2.Sheseemstired.•3.HecanspeakEnglish•4.Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.谓语谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由______充当.动词常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词.动词实义动词连系动词情态动词助动词（V.）△情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语.TheycanspeakEnglishwell.Theyareplayingoverthere.1）状态系动词，用来表示主语状态，只有be（am,is,are,was,were,been,being）一词Heisateacher.2）持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stayHealwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。系动词3）表像系动词，用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look,例如：Helookstired.Heseems(tobe)verysad.4）感官系动词，主要有feel,smell,sound,tasteThisflowersmellsverysweet.5）变化系动词，表示主语变成什么样，主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,comeHebecamemadafterthat.6）终止系动词，表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turnoutTherumorprovedfalse.这谣言证实有假。Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的计划终于成功了。Myfatherisaprofessor.Who'sthat?It'sme.Everythinghereisexpensive.Thematchbecameveryexciting.Thestoryofmylifemaybeofhelptoothers.Threetimesfiveisfifteen.Hisplanistoseekworkinthecity.Myfirstideawasthatyoushouldhideyourfeelings.三）表语它的位置在_______________之后。是用来说明主语的_______,______,_______的.系动词、连系动词性质特征状态名词n代词pron形容词adjadj介词短语数词todo不定式句子（四）宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词后也会跟宾语。Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.Wehaven'tseenherforalongtime.Doyoumindopeningthewindow?Givemefourplease.Hewantstodreamanicedream.Weneedknowwhatothersaredoing.Weshouldcaremoreaboutourfriends.Shefeltitherdutytotakegoodcareofthem.It作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语动词/动词短语介名词n代词pron动名词代词和数词todo不定式句子介词+名词（五）定语是修饰___词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_____；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_____。Theyarewomanworkers.Tom'sfatherdidn'twritehomeuntilyesterday.Maryisabeautifulgirl..Theplayhasthreeacts.ThisisherfirsttriptoEurope.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Ihavenothingtoeat.ThosewhowanttogotoTibetaretosigntheirnameshere.名前后名词名词所有格形容词adj数词形容词/序数词/介词短语现在分词doing...
