四川省宜宾市一中2016-2017学年高中英语下学期第5周教学设计课题语法运用课时3考点、知识点非谓语动词学习目标非谓语动词重、难点1.重点:非谓语动词的一般用法(一、二、三层);2.难点:非谓语动词(一、二、三层)。学习环节和内容学生活动建议教师活动建议调整记录动词不定式(todo)一.形式:形式主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoingtobebeingdone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone二.句法功能:1.作主语:1.观察学习;2.深入理解,掌握知识点的使用要领;3.观察学1.使用多媒体完成深入理解,并练习。2.反复操练。Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard.动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.常用句式有:(1).It+be+名词+todo;(2).Ittakessb.+sometime+todo;(3).It+be+形容词+ofsb+todo;(4).It+be+形容词+forsb+todo;2.作表语:Herjobistocleanthehall.3.作宾语:MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.注意:动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如:HegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.4.作宾语补足语:Thecommanderorderedthesoldierstofinishthetaskbeforethedeadline.在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,callon,等5.作定语:①动宾关系:Ihaveameetingtoattend.注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如:Hefoundagoodhousetolivein.②说明所修饰名词的内容:习,并运用。Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework.③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:Heisthefirsttogethere.6.作状语:①表目的:Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果意料之外):常放在only后Hearrivedlateonlytofindthetrainhadgone.他来晚了,只见火车已经走了。③表原因:常放在形容词后面Theywereverysadtohearthenews.④表程度:It'stoodarkforustoseeanything.太暗了,我们什么也看不见。动词ing一.形式:形式主动被动一般式(谓语动词同时发生)doingbeingdone完成式(谓语动词发生之前)havingdonehavingbeendone二.句法功能:1.作主语:Readingaloudisveryhelpful.当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。It'snousequarrelling.2.作表语:Intheantcity,thequeen'sjobislayingeggs.3.作宾语:Theyhaven'tfinishedbuildingthedam.此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如:Wefounditnogoodmakingfunofothers.注意:enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid(避免),excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit(承认),deny(否认),mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk(冒险),appreciate(感激),bebusy,beworth,feellike,can'tstand,can'thelp后面用动词ing作宾语4.作定语:Hecan'twalkwithoutawalkingstick.Inthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.5.作同位语:Hishabit,listeningtothenewsontheradioremainsunchanged.6.作状语:①作时间状语:(While)Workinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.②作原因状语:BeingaLeaguemember,heisalwayshelpingothers.③作方式状语,表示伴随:Hestayedathome,cleaningandwashing.④作条件状语:(If)Playingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.⑤作结果状语:Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.⑥作目的状语:Hewentswimmingtheotherday.⑦作让步状语:Thoughrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon.⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格:Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用with(without)+名词(代词宾格)+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.⑨作独立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看,他一定是个演员。过去分词(done/been)句法功能:1.作定语:Thoseselectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.2.作表语:Theywerefrightenedatthesadsight.3.作宾语补足语:Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.注意:有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语:Withtheworkdone,theywentouttoplay.4.作状语:Praisedbytheneighbors,hebecametheprideofhisparents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因)Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间)Givenmoretime,I'llbeabletodoitbetter.如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件)Thoughtoldofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy.虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。(表示让步)