非谓语动词升华提高一:基础知识总结1.非谓语动词的语法功能注:常见作独立成分的非谓语动词totellyouthetruth(实话说),needlesstosay(不用说),tobehonest/frank(老实说,坦白说),tobemoreexact(更确切地说),tomakethingsworse(更糟的是),nottomention…(更不用说),Generally/Frankly/RoughlyExactlyspeaking(一般说来/坦白说/粗略地说/准确地说)2.非谓语动词的变化形式(见下页表格)所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语(主语)补足语定语插入语(独立成分)V-ing形式]现在分词●●●●动名词●●●●不定式(todo)●●●●●●过去分词(done)●●●●1二:重难点(一)辨别谓语与非谓语特别注意分析句子的结构才能辨别谓语与非谓语。①Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand__lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.beingweighedB.weighsC.weighedD.weighing②______bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.Togive(二)非谓语作主语、宾语的重点1.it充当动词不定式的形式主语或形式宾语①ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishverywell.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。②____________________________________________.我认为对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。it作形式主语使用动名词的句型①Itisnouse/nogood/useless+doingsth._____________________________.哭没有用。②Itisfun(agreatpleasure,awasteoftime)非谓语形式构成时态语态复合结构否定式主动被动不定式一般式todotobedoneforsb.todosth.或ofsb.todosth.在“to”前加not或never进行式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成式tobedoing/完成进行式tohavebeendoing/动名词一般式Doingbeingdonesb.或sb’sdoing作主语要用sb’sdoing在前加not特别注意复合结构的否定式:sb’snotdoingsb’snothavingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone现在分词与动名词变化形式相同在前加not2_______________________________________.设法解释是浪费时间。2.用不定式还是用动名词作宾语有特殊规定①Idon’twant____likeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded类似的知识点要记牢。如:help,hope,ask,refuse,decide,promise,wish,pretend,expect,arrange,learn,plan,demand,dare,manage,agree,prepare,fail,determine,offer,choose,desire,elect,long等动词后要用动词不定式作宾语。②Itisdifficulttoimaginehis________thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.A.acceptB.acceptingC.toacceptD.accepted类似的知识点要记牢。下列常见的这些动词(组)后要用动词动名词作宾语suggest,risk,devoteoneselfto(建议冒险去献身)finish,imagine,bear/stand,lookforwardto(完成想象忍盼望)giveup,delay/putoff,regret,miss(放弃延期悔失去)insiston/stickto,enjoy/appreciate,feellike,practice(坚持欣赏要实践)payattentionto,excuse,escape/avoid,objectto(注意原谅逃/避反对)keep,be/getusedto/beaccustomedto,mind(保持习惯勿介意)beworth,setabout/burstout/getdownto,bebusy(值得开始将忙乎)3.用不定式还是用动名词作宾语意义不同InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans____foranotherhour.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaiting类似的知识点要记牢。①动词本身意义不变,跟不定式和动名词意义不同remembertodosth.记住要做rememberdoingsth.记得过去做过forgettodosth.忘了已做过的事forgetdoingsth.忘记要做某事②动词本身意义改变,跟不定式和动名词意义不同regrettodosth.对马上要或不做的事表示遗憾regretdoingsth.对已发生的事表示遗憾或后悔meantodosth.打算,想要meandoing意味着,意思是trytodosth.努力做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁,忍不住can’thelp(to)dosth.不能帮忙做某事beconsideredtohavedone被认为已经做了consider…tobe认为是considerdoing考虑做某事③动词本身意义不变,跟不定式被动式和动名词意义相同want,need,require接动名词表示被动意义,接不定式就要用被...