英语高考专题复习讲与练8替代词it,that,one,which,so的用法比较英语的代替现象比汉语普遍，使用代词的场合比汉语多。大多数句子中均用代词代替上文谈到的人、事物或情况，避免了对较多名词、冠词的反复使用，这样大大简化了句子。最常用于表示替代关系的词语有it,that,which,one,so等，近几年高考试题中均对这些词的用法进行了考查，可见这几个替代词的用法非常重要。下面归纳它们表示替代时的不同用法。一、it的用法1、it指代上文所提事物的本身（it表时间、强调等的用法此处不阐明），如果所代替的事物为复数，则应该用they或them表示。2、it也可以用来代替上文所提到的一件事。1.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(NMET2001,25)A.theyB.itC.oneD.which2.Iamlookingforahouse.I’dlike____withabrookaround_____.A.one,itB.it,itC.one,oneD.it,one3.Mary’smotheralwaystoldhertoworkhard,but______didn’thelp.A.oneB.heC.sheD.it4.—Doyoulikethesephotos?—Yes,____areverybeautifulandIlike____verymuch.A.they,thoseB.they,themC.ones,onesD.theones,theones5.—Areyoustillusingyouroldcar?--No,Isold___theotherday.A.itB.oneC.thatoneD.theone6.YesterdayIlostmypen,butnowIhavefound_____.A.itB.themC.onesD.those7.—Wherearemybooks?--_____areontheTVset.A.OnesB.ThoseC.TheonesD.They8.Wherehaveyouputmyshoes?Ican’tfind_____anywhere.A.themB.thoseC.onesD.theones9.Wheredidyoubuythewatch?Wouldyoupleaseget____forme?A.itB.oneC.theoneD.them10.Don’treadinthesun.____isbadforyoureyes.A.OneB.TheoneC.ItD.This二、that的用法1、that用来指前文中确定的非同一事物，常用来替代与定冠词或形容词性物主代词连用的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the+名词”，其复数形式为those。2、that表替代时为始终是特指（作指示代词和关系代词用时另论），可指上文谈到的人、物或情况（均为单数），可代替可数名词和不可数名词。3、若that所代替的内容为前置用法，即要代替的内容将出现在下文中，一般用this,these或thefollowing表示。1.—Hewasnearlydrownedonce—Whenwas_______?(NMET2002Beijingspring)—_____wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.A.that,ItB.this,ThisC.this,ItD.that,This2.Equippedwithmodernfacilities,today’slibrariesdifferfrom______(2003Shanghaispring,26)A.thoseofthepastB.thepastC.whichofthepastD.thosepast3.Fewpleasurecanequal__ofacooldrinkonahotday.(NMET99,17;NMET99Guangdong,29)A.someB,anyC.thatD.those4.ThepopulationofSichuanProvinceislargerthan____ofanyprovinceinChina.A.oneB.itC.thatD.theone5.WhatIwanttosuggestis_____:Everyoneshouldhaveanothertry.Weneedn’tonlywaitforhelp.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one6.Yousee,theaccidenthappenedlike_____:Theredcarhitthebusandmadeallthetrafficstop.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one7.Listen!________isaboutthelessonswewillhavetofinishtoday.A.ItB.TheoneC.ThefollowingD.One8.Theclimatehereisquitedifferentfrom____ofShengyang.A.thatB.itC.oneD.theone9.Thestudyofidiomsisasimportantas____ofgrammar.A.oneB.thatB.itD.this10.Myseatisnextto_____ofmyteacher.A.thatB.itC.thisD.one三、which的用法1、在后置的非限制性定语从句中代替上文出现的事物或情况（单数或复数）。2、在问句中作为疑问代词，在名词从句中作为连接代词用，其含义为“哪个、哪些”。3、如果非限制性定语从句的先行词不是指主句内容，而是指具体的人、时间、地点，则不用which。4、如果非限制性定语从句前置，则用as。1.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_____,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.(NMET2000,17)A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what2.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,whichwehadn’texpected.(NMET2000Beijingspring,10)A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what3.ChinahasitsownEnglishlanguagenewspaper,ChinaDaily,______ispublishedinBeijing.A...
