水土保持期末论文水土保持林草措施的类型及配置10水文1班鲍庆100620116摘要学习了水土保持学之后,我对第四章林草措施有比较大的兴趣,故搜索了众多的有关于林草方面的资料,并加上了我自己的一些看法,整理成以下论文。ABSTRACTStudyofsoilandwaterconservation,Ihavegreatinterestinthefourthchapterofforestandgrassmeasures,sothesearchnumerousaboutvegetationinformation,andaddedsomemyownviews,organizedintothefollowingthesis.关键字:水土保持林草措施类型配置Keywords:Waterandsoilconservation;Forestandgrassmeasures;Type;configure目录1.林种区划.....................................................................................................................................11.1水土保持林的区划.............................................................................................................11.2水源涵养式林的区划.........................................................................................................21.2.1水源涵养林的定义..................................................................................................21.2.2我国水源涵养林现状..............................................................................................21.2.3水源林区划原则和依据..........................................................................................31.2.4水源林区的标准......................................................................................................41.2.5长江中上游地区水源涵养林的划分......................................................................51.3.海岸防护林........................................................................................................................51.4.护路林...............................................................................................................................62.水土保持林草类型及配置............................................................................................................62.1防护林树种选择.................................................................................................................62.1.1水保林、水源林的树种选择..................................................................................62.1.2农田防护林的树种选择..........................................................................................62.1.3海岸防护林的树种选择..........................................................................................72.1.4护路林的树种选择..................................................................................................73.水土保持林林种配置...................................................................................................................71.林种区划1.1水土保持林的区划在水土流失地区,为了调节地表径流,防止土壤侵蚀,保持和提高土壤肥力,改善农业生产条件而营造的防护林,叫做“水土保持林”,它以减免水土流失为主要目的。森林保持水土功能的机制和涵养水源的机制是一样的,但保护对象不同,一般说在石质山地或基岩风化不很严重的坡面,森林贮水的功能主要表现为涵养水源;在表土疏松或基岩风化严重的坡面,降水时表土大量被水冲走,森林在贮水的功能上表现为保持土壤不被冲走。在林业部长江中上游防护林体系《县级总体规划》中,对水土保持林规划原则是:凡坡度在36°以上;或坡度虽然在规定以下,但土壤瘠薄,岩石裸露、水土冲刷、地质结构疏松或泥石流严重地段;主要山脊分水岭两侧,高山针叶林缘以下100~200m以及悬石峭壁地区的现有林或规划造林划分为水土保持林。川江流域是我...