性别成见正在误导孩子作者：ByCarolineKnorr来源：《英语学习》2019年第03期LearninggenderrolesfrommoviesandTVshowshasrealconsequencesonkids'self-esteemandrelationships.孩子從影视节目中了解到的性别角色划分确实会影响其自尊和人际关系。Genderstereotypesaremessingwithyourkid.It'snotjustonemovie.It'snotjustoneTVshow.It'sconstantexposuretothesamedatedconceptsinthemediaoverandover，startingbeforepreschoolandlastingalifetime—conceptslike：Boysaresmarterthangirls；certainjobsarebestformenandothersforwomen；andeventhatgirlsareresponsiblefortheirownsexualassaults.Accordingtoarecentreport，whichanalyzedmorethan150articles，interviews，books，andothersocial-scientificresearch，genderstereotypesinmoviesandonTVshowsaremorethanpersistent；they'reincrediblyeffectiveatteachingkidswhatthecultureexpectsofboysandgirls.Whatmakesthesemessagesstick—andharderforparentstocounteract2—isthatthey'retimedfortheprecisemomentinkids'developmentwhenthey'remostreceptivetotheirinfluence.Thinkofpreschoolerswhoarejustbeginningtoidentifyasboysorgirls.ThecharacterstheyseeonTVoftenhaveanobviousmasculineorfeminineappearance，suchasasuperhero'sbigmusclesoraprincess'longhair.Thesecharacteristicsalsoareoftenassociatedwithspecifictraits—forexample，beingstrongandbraveorfearfulandmeek3.Fast-forwardtothetweenandteenyears，whencharactersbegintowrestlewithrelationships，life，andjobprospects.4That“strongandbrave”superherobecomesaggressiveandhostile.That“fearfulandmeek”princessbecomessubmissive5andweak.Foryoungaudienceswhoabsorbideasfromthemediaonhowtobehaveandwhattobecome，thesecharacterizations6canleadtofalseassumptionsandharmfulconclusions.Theseoversimplifiedcharacterizationsplayoutinmanywaysoverandover.Accordingtothereport，alifetimeofviewingstereotypicalmediabecomessoingrained7thatitcanultimatelyaffectkids'careerchoices，self-worth，relationships，andabilitytoachievetheirfullpotential.Andlotsofparentsareconcernedabouttheseissues，too.Wepollednearly1，000parentsacrossthecountryandfoundthattheybelievethemediahasasignificantinfluenceontheirkids，fromhowgirlsshouldlookandbehavetohowseeingviolencecanaffectboys'beliefsaboutthemselves.Luckily，parentscanassertcontroloverthemessagesthatHollywooddishesout.8Because，let'sfaceit：Exaggeratingthedifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsisjustaploy9tokeepaudiencesentertained.It'snotwhatwereallywantourkidstoemulate10.WhiletherearemoviesandTVshowsthatdefy11genderstereotypes—andHollywoodismakingsomeprogressonthisfront—you'renotgoingtobeabletopreventyourkidsfromseeingeverythingthatsendsthewrongmessage.Andyourkidsprobablylikealotofmediathatreinforcesstereotypes.Fortunately，themostpowerfulmessageskidsabsorbarefromyou.Whenyouactivelyrole-modelgenderequality，speakoutagainststereotypes，andchallengeoutdatedideas，kidswillhearthatloudandclear.Also，youhavealotofcontroloveryourkids'media—mostlywhenthey'relittle，butevenastheygrow.Choosequalitymediathatreflectsyourvalues，andtalktoyourkidsaboutthemoviesandTVshowstheywatch.Usetheseage-basedstrategies—fromtoddlerhood12totheteenyears—toreachkidsattheexactmomenttheyneedtohearthem.Atthisage，kids：*Learntheirgenderidentities(thatthey'reaboyoragirl).*Learnstereotypesaboutactivities，traits，toys，andskillsassociatedwitheachgender.*Begingender-typedplay(girls“cleanthekitchen，”boys“mowthelawn”).*Needtohearyourinputinspecific，notabstract，term...
