ChinaissueshigheralertforworseningsmogChinaissueshigheralertforworseningsmog•BEIJING-Lingering(拖延的)smoginthecountry'scentralandeasternregions(地区)isexpectedtoendonDecember9,accordingtotheNationalMeteorologicalCenter(NMC)(全国气象中心).•TheNMChasupgraded(升级)thealertfromayellowalerttothemoreseriousorangealertforworseningsmogintheseregions.•HeavysmogsweptChina'scentralandeasternregionsinearlyDecember.Someoftheregionsexperiencedthreetofivedaysofsmog,whileJiangsu,Zhejiang,AnhuiandHenanprovinceshadsufferedlingeringsmogforsixconsecutive(连续不断的)days.ChinaissueshigheralertforworseningsmogChinaissueshigheralertforworseningsmog•AweakcoldfrontonSaturdaywilldolittletoreducethesmog,theNMCforecast.•Chinahasafour-tierwarningsystemforextremeweather,withredbeingthemostserious,followedbyorange,yellowandblue.•Thegoodnewsisthatacoldfrontwithgale-forcewinds(大风)isexpectedtosweepChinaonSundayandclearthesmog.Temperatureswilldropbyatleast6to8degreesCelsiusfromSundaytoWednesday.•Updated:2013-12-0714:23(Xinhua)Distributionofairpollutionhttp://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTI1MTk0MTUy.html?f=18452399ContentsTheinfluenceofsmogTheinfluenceofsmogThedefinitionofsmogThedefinitionofsmogThecauseofsmogThecauseofsmogMeasurestodealwithsmogMeasurestodealwithsmog11223344Definition•Aformofairpollutionproducedbythereactionofsunlightwithhydrocarbons(烃)，nitrogencompounds(含氮化合物)，andothergasesprimarilyreleasedinautomobileexhaust(汽车尾气).•Smogiscommoninlargeurbenareas,especiallyduringhot,sunnyweather,whereitappearsasabrownishhaze(褐色的阴霾)thatcanirritatetheeyesandlungs.Cause1.Industrialemissions2.MotorvehiclexhaustemissionsCuase3.Atmostphericdust(includebuildingorroadconstructions)Cuase4.Accordingtothestudy,Chinaemitted13.2milliontonsofPM2.5in2007,amongwhichmorethan9milliontonscamefromindustrialsourcessuchaspetrochemicalplants(石化厂),cementkilns(水泥窟),andironandsteelsmelters(钢铁冶炼).Cuase5.TheburningoffireworksPollutants•Nitrogenoxides(氮氧化物)•PM10(10微米以下的颗粒物)•Sulfurdioxide(二氧化硫)•Inhalableparticles(可吸入颗粒)•Fineparticals(微粒)•PM2.5•Ozone(臭氧)•Carbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)•NewReadingsAlreadyMonitoredPM2.5•PMstandsfor"particulatematter"(颗粒物)and2.5referstoparticles(微粒)intheairthatare2.5muindiameter--about1/30ththediameterofahumanhair.•WhatharmcanPM2.5particlesdotopeople?•Theycangodeepintothelungsandevenenterthebloodstream.Theycanleadtoheart,brainandrespiratory(呼吸的)diseases(asthma(哮喘),bronchitis(支气管炎))andanincreasedofcancer.1.Affectourdailylives(shopping,havingawalkoutside,doingsportsandcommunicatingwithorthers)Influence2.Disruptingtraffic,closingexpresswaysanddelayingorcancellingflights.3.Increasetheoddsoftrafficaccident.Report----Fourdeathshavebeenattributedtothesmoggyweather,includingtwohighschoolstudentswhowerehitbyatrainduetolowvisibility(低能见度)inthecityofChaohuineastChina'sAnhuiprovince.Anothertwowerekilledinapileup(连环相撞)involving20vehiclesinneighboringZhejiangprovinceearlyTuesdaymorning.Eightotherswereinjured.)Influence4.Affectthevegetablesupply.(residentsinmanymajorcitiesarefacingrisingvegetablepricesasthesmoghasclosedexpressways)5.Promptsurgeinmasksales.(AccordingtostatisticsfromTaobaoMall,China'slargestonlinemarketplace,morethan30,000masksweresoldonSunday,morethan20,000ofwhichwereboughtbycustomersfromBeijing)Influence6.Affecttheworko...
