20142014高考新题型高考新题型语法填空语法填空的考查范围：1语境(上下文）；2语法：动词（时态、语态、主谓一致单复数、非谓语形式、情态动词）、名词（单复数）、代词（句子成分）、冠词（a/an/the)、介词(与动词名词的搭配）、连词（并列句和复合句）、形容词和副词（比较级最高级）、固定搭配、及构词法等。语法填空的能力要求：1.阅读/理解语篇的能力2.分析句子结构的能力3.熟练运用语法的能力4.单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等，对中下层考生来说，难度较大。•考查的形式有二种:(1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。(1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧：技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如：IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and________getstherealmostinasecond.itit技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。如：Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp______ricecropgrowupquickly.hishis…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto______smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage.aa技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。…whoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme______aguestintheirhouse.asas技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。…twoworld-famousartists,PabloPicasso______CandidoPortinari,whichareworthmillionsofdollars.…allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedmealmostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.andandandand技巧5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays________IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.beforebeforeHewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,______hefeltveryhappy…butbut技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)。Whatisacceptableinonecountrybeconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.maymayHehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthe________bringhomearegularsalary.diddid技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1)由itis…that…强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。如：…andwasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG(味精)!itit(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not,until,had等，还是填do,does,did等。如：_______withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.OnlyOnly(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：…astookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists…ititDatingsitesalsomakeeasytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.(4)so/such…that…句型。如：Thismadethegoatsojealous_______itbeganplottingagainst(谋划对付)thedonkey.ititthatthat(5)more…than…(与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型。如：Cynthia’sstoryshowsvividlythatpeopleremembermorehowmuchamanagercares___40___howmuchhepays.thanthan①考查连词:A)引导各种从句的连词即从属连词。what,who,whom，which,when,where,how,why,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,that,whether,if,B)并列句的各种关联词叫并列连词。如and,but,or,though,although,so,both…and,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,either…or,however,while,otherwise,for,therefore,纯空格形...
