第五章系统的启动与关闭本章目的•启动模式•略述在系统关闭时进程的处理•详细说明/etc/inittab的内容•常用命令•SystemResourcecontroller系统启动模式•Normalmode–程序、进程的运行–终端开启–存取系统文件–通讯启动–多用户模式系统启动模式•StandaloneMode–SystemManagementServicesdiskette–系统程序•显示和改变系统的设置•显示和改变设备启动的顺序•执行硬件诊断•执行系统工具•在启动出现第一个画面时，按F1键SystemManagementServices主菜单•Config:查看系统设置•multiboot:显示和设置bootsequence,accesstheopenfirmwarecommandprompt•Utilities:setandremovepasswords,networkbootingconfigmultibootUtilitiesExit命令alog•用于维护和管理logs。•如果文件满，新的自动覆盖以前的信息•通过观察rc.boot文件看出，先把信息放在/tmp/boot_log中，在结束后移到/var/adm/ras/bootlog中保存•常用命令–#alog-L–#alog-o-tboot命令last•用于以反向年代顺序显示记录在/var/adm/wtmp文件中loginandlogoff的记录•#lastrootconsole•#last|grepshutdown命令bootlist•命令bootlist用于显示和改变启动设备•#bootlist-mnormalhdisk0hdisk1命令uptime•显示系统启动了多长时间文件/etc/inittabinit:2:initdefault:brc::sysinit:/sbin/rc.boot3>/dev/console2>&1#Phase3ofsystembootpowerfail::powerfail:/etc/rc.powerfail2>&1|alog-tboot>/dev/console#PowerFailureDetectionrc:2:wait:/etc/rc2>&1|alog-tboot>/dev/console#Multi-Userchecksfbcheck:2:wait:/usr/sbin/fbcheck2>&1|alog-tboot>/dev/console#run/etc/firstbootsrcmstr:2:respawn:/usr/sbin/srcmstr#SystemResourceControllerrctcpip:2:wait:/etc/rc.tcpip>/dev/console2>&1#StartTCP/IPdaemonscron:2:respawn:/usr/sbin/cronpiobe:2:wait:/usr/lib/lpd/pio/etc/pioinit>/dev/null2>&1#pbcleanupwritesrv:2:wait:/usr/bin/startsrc-swritesrvuprintfd:2:respawn:/usr/sbin/uprintfdlogsymp:2:once:/usr/lib/ras/logsymptom#forsystemdumpspmd:2:wait:/usr/bin/pmd>/dev/console2>&1#StartPMdaemondiagd:2:once:/usr/lpp/diagnostics/bin/diagd>/dev/console2>&1cons:0123456789:respawn:/usr/sbin/getty/dev/console文件/etc/inittab详解•标识：标记进程。•运行等级•行为–respawn:Iftheprocessdoesnotexist,startit–wait:Starttheprocessandwaitforittostop–once:starttheprocessanddonotrestartitifitstop–sysinit:commandstoberuntostarttheprocess•命令行SystemResourcecontroller(SRC)•包含启动、停止和状态查询的用户接口•记录子系统(subsystems)的异常终止•跟踪subsystem,agroupsubsystemorasubserver•支持远程系统控制•subsystem的刷新功能SRC语法•#startsrc-sqdaemon•#stopsrc-gnfs•#refresh-sqdaemon•#lssrc-a系统的关闭•#shutdown[-options][+timemessage]•/etc/rc.shutdown文件系统进入维护状态WelcometoBaseOperatingSystemInstallationandMaintenanceTypethenumberofyourchoiceandpressEnter.>>>1StartInstallationNowwithDefaultSettings2Change/ShowInstallationSettingsandInstall3StartMaintenanceModeforSystemRecovery88Help?99PreviousMenuChoice[1]:系统进入维护状态MaintenanceTypethenumberofyourchoiceandpressEnter.>>>1AccessaRootVolumeGroup2CopyaSystemDumptoRemovableMedia3AccessAdvancedMaintenanceFunctions4InstallfromaSystemBackup88Help?99PreviousMenu>>>Choice[1]:系统进入维护状态WarningIfyouchoosetoaccessarootvolumegroup,youwillnotbeabletoreturntotheBaseOperatingSystemInstallationmenuswithoutrebooting.TypethenumberofyourchoiceandpressEnter0Continue88Help?>>>99PreviousMenu>>>Choice[99]:系统进入维护状态AccessaRootVolumeGroupTypethenumberforavolumegrouptodisplaylogicalvolumeinformationandpressEnter.1)VolumeGroup00615147b27f2b40containsthesedisks:hdisk095804-B0-00-2,02)VolumeGroup00615247b27c2b41containsthesedisks:hdisk1206304-B0-00-6,0Choice:系统进入维护状态VolumeGroupInformationVolumeGroupID00615147b27f2b40includesfollowinglogicalvolumes:hd5hd6hd8hd4hd2hd9varhd3hd1lv00lv01TypethenumberofyourchoiceandpressEnter.1)AccessthisVolumeGroupandstartashell2)AccessthisVolumeGroupandstartashellbeforemountingfilesystems99)PreviousMenuChoice[99]:
