2012_年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之议论文类VIP专享VIP免费

2012年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之议论文类Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.Themultiplicationtables(乘法口诀表)areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming(突击学习)foranexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforone'sfuturedevelopment.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。成年人常常惊叹他们能很好地记着儿时学过的东西。作者认为这是儿时过度学习的结果，是因为当我们儿时学会一样东西的时候，我们不是就此停止，而是继续练习，才使我们记忆深刻。文章用例证法说明了“过度学习”的概念。最后作者谈到了“过度学习”的好处和突击学习的弊端。67.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.【答案】A【解析】根据文章的第一段的“Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.”可知：文章讲得是成年人常常惊叹他们非常好的记着1儿时学过的东西。C、D断章取义，讲得太具体，B项错误，因为那是过度学习的结果，不是儿时记忆力好。所以A正确。【考点定位】考查主旨要义。68.Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby_________.A.presentingresearchfindingsB.settingdowngeneralrulesC.makingacomparisonD.usingexamples70.Whatistheauthor'sopiniononcramming?A.Itleadstofailureincollegeexams.B.It'shelpfulonlyinalimitedway.C.It'spossibletoresultinpoormemory.D.Itincreasesstudents'learninginterest.【答案】B【解析】根据文章的最后一段中的“Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.”可知：突击学习只在有限的方面有帮助。所以B正确。【考点定位】考查作者的观点和态度。2.【2012全国II】2(C)Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample,inAmericanculture(文化)thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.Yetitalsohasotheruses.Awoman’ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusion(困惑)acrosscultures.Forexample,manypeopleinRussiasmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces(althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities).SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon’tsmileenough.InSoutheastAsianculture,asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.Ourfacesshowemotions(情感),butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peoplefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressionspermitted.Forexample,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.Whenwithfriends,JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.ofpleasure”可知，在美国文化中，一般地说，微笑是快乐的表情。此处joy是pleasure的同义词。故选C。【考点定位】...