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2011级本科毕业论文新型太阳能灭虫器院系名称：物理与电子信息学院专业名称：光伏科学与技术方向学生名称：赵磊学号：110514141指导老师：张旭完成时间：2013年12月20日目录摘要······························································11研究背景及意义···················································22太阳能灭虫器的整体设计···········································32·160WP太阳能组件························32·210A太阳能控制器·····················32·350AH铅酸蓄电池·····················42·4150W逆变器·······················42·525W电动诱虫器······················42·6收虫器·························52·7外壳和支架等组成·····················53产品工作原理······················································63·1工作原理示意图及说明···················73·2工作电路简图·······················73·3充电控制电路·······················73·4逆变电路·························73·5光控开关·························84使用方法···························85与现阶段同类产品比较·············································96预计应用前景与推广价值···········································107参考文献·························································10新型高效太阳能灭虫器研究与设计【摘要】目前，防治蔬菜病虫害的方法主要采取化学防治，由于农民不能合理使用农药，乱用、滥用农药十分突出，常导致上市的蔬菜农药残留严重超标，甚至引发蔬菜农药中毒事件。因为缺少监管力度，以及没有一个完善的蔬菜农药检测制度，看似新鲜亮丽的蔬菜，可能会成为消费者健康身体的隐形杀手。随着人们生活水平提高，追求农产品的优质安全不仅是广大消费者最基本的要求，也是提高农产品在国内外竞争力的必然选择。本文介绍了一种太阳能灭虫器，与传统的灭虫器不同，采用太阳能发电的模式，在田间引诱有害昆虫，引诱范围广，解决了人工喷洒农药的弊端，节约生产成本，提高生产效率，提高农作物质量，起到节能减排的目的。关键词：农药残留超标；太阳能；灭虫器；节能减排1研究背景及意义长期以来，农民用惯了价格便宜、见效快、杀伤力大、毒性高的农药如对硫磷、甲胺磷、甲拌磷、氧乐果、呋喃丹等高毒农药，并对这些农药的性状、特点、使用方法、效果比较了解，只注重农药防治效果，不考虑农药毒性。并且盲目的增加用药量和用药次数，收取蔬菜时根本不考虑是否超过了农药的安全期。施药器械落后，“跑、冒、滴、漏”问题突出，使用技术是大雾滴喷雾，这种方法只有1%~3%的药业被靶标（害虫、杂草或者病原体）吸收，大量药业残留在蔬菜上。这些原因导致了大量的农药超标蔬菜流入市场，危害着消费者的身体健康。由此，太阳能灭虫器用运而生，太阳能灭虫器采用现代声、光、电的物理方法，利用昆虫的趋光性、趋波性、趋色性来诱捕害虫，选用对害虫有极强吸引力的光源与波长波段引诱害虫。将光、波、色三种诱捕方式融为一体。为了方便用户使用，以促进节约能源，充分利用优厚的自然条件，通过太阳能电池板将光能转化为电能使用,可免除用户在农田架设线路的麻烦,为害虫的监控和防治提供了先进实用的防治工具。图1几种...