课文重点词句讲解Unit51.［课本原句］Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.(Page34)［名师点拨］advice,不可数名词建议advise作及物动词，意为“忠告，劝告；建议”。(1)advise+noun./pron.［例句］Weadviseanearlystart.Thedoctoradvisedasoftdiet.(2)advise(sb.)onsth.（为某人）出主意，提出建议，提供咨询［例句］Weemployedanexperttoadviseonnewtechnology.(3)advise+doingsth.［例句］Headvisedcarryingouttheexperimentassoonaspossible.(4)advise+sb.+(not)todosth.［例句］Iadvisedhertowaitforawhile.Myparentsoftenadvisemenottowastetoomuchtimeplayinggames.［知识拓展］advisesb.nottodosth.和advisesb.againstdoingsth.意思相同，都表示“建议某人不要做某事”。［例句］Theteacheradvisedusnottoreadcarelessly.=Theteacheradvisedusagainstcarelessreading.(5)advise+sb.+不定式复合结构（特殊疑问词what等+todosth.）［例句］Sheadviseduswheretoeat.Tomadvisedhisfriendwhattodothenextday.(6)advise+that从句［例句］Iadvisedthathe(should)goabroadforfurtherstudy.SharonadvisedthatIshouldaskDrYangforhelp.［知识拓展］advise后面接的that从句的谓语动词一般由“should+动词原形”构成。有类似用法的动词还有suggest,demand,desire,prefer等。［注意］advise的名词形式为advice。它是不可数名词。一般不说anadvice,而说apieceofadvice。［点击名题］Myfathercoughedbadly.I______himtogiveupsmoking,buthewouldnottakemyadvice.A.advisedB.persuadedC.suggestedD.orderedKey:A［解析］advisesb.todosth.意为“劝说某人做某事”，至于劝说的结果并不知道。而persuadesb.todosth.却含有“劝而有效”之意。而suggest不能接sb.todosth.；order不适合语境。2.［课本原句］(1)ThiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.(Page34)(2)“...wehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.”(Page34)(3)HerearesomereasonswhyIthinkheshouldbefreed…［名师点拨］上面三句都是含有定语从句的复合句。在第(1)句中，关系副词when引导了定语从句；先行词一般是表示时间的名词，如本句中的time。在第(2)句中，关系副词where引导了定语从句；先行词一般是表示地点的名词，也可以是一个有地点含义的抽象名词，如本句中的stage。在第(3)句中，关系副词why引导了定语从句，先行词是reason；定语从句中含有插入语Ithink。when,where和why本身在定语从句中分别担任时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。总之，关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。［例句］①IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthePartythreeyearsago.②Thereistheplacewheretheoldfarmeroncelived.③Thatisnoreasonwhyyoushouldleave.［点击名题］①AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where②Theywillvisitthefactory______wepaidavisityesterday.A.whereB.whatC.whichD.there③Theywillvisitthefactory______wepaidavisittoyesterday.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.thereKeys:①-③DAB［解析］①先行词为thesmalltown，where在定语从句中作状语。②分析该定语从句的成分，可知句中缺少状语。③定语从句中有一个介词to，to后需要跟相应的宾语。3.［课本原句］Wewereputinapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfighttheGovernment.(Page34)［名师点拨］此句使用了“介词＋关系代词”结构来引导定语从句。(1)当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词既可以留在原句中的位置上；也可以置于关系代词之前，与关系代词构成“介词＋关系代词”结构，引导定语从句。［例句］TheFebruarymorningonwhichhewasbornwasverycold.TheUnitedStatesisacountryinwhichEnglishisspoken.Isthisthereasonforwhichherefusedouroffer?(2)介词提前时，可以应用于“介词＋关系代词”结构的关系代词which,whom或whose，而不能用that或who。［例句］Englishisausef...
