2005年11月份托福阅读真题及答案Questions1-10AsPhiladelphiagrewfromasmalltownintoacityinthefirsthalfoftheeighteenthcentury,itbecameanincreasinglyimportantmarketingcenterforavastandgrowingagriculturalhinterland.Marketdayssawthecrowdedcityevenmorecrowded,aslinefannersfromwithinaradiusof24ormorekilometersbroughttheirsheep,cows,pigs,vegetables,cider,andotherproductsfordirectsaletothetownspeople.TheHighStreetMarketwascontinuouslyenlargedthroughouttheperioduntil1736,whenitreachedfromFrontStreettoThird.By1745NewMarketwasopenedonSecondStreetbetweenPineandCedar.ThenextyeartheCallowhillMarketbeganoperation.Alongwithmarketdays,theinstitutionoftwice-yearlyfairspersistedinPhiladelphiaevenaftersimilartradingdayshadbeendiscontinuedinothercolonialcities.Thefairsprovidedameansofbringinghandmadegoodsfromoutlyingplacestowould-bebuyersinthecity.LinensandstockingsfromGermantown,forexample,werepopularitems.Auctionswereanotherpopularformofoccasionaltrade.Becauseofthecompetition,retailmerchantsopposedtheseaswellasthefairs.Althoughgovernmentalattemptstoeradicatefairsandauctionswerelessthansuccessful,theordinarycourseofeconomicdevelopmentwasonthemerchants'side,asincreasingbusinessspecializationbecametheorderoftheday.Exportmerchantsbecamedifferentiatedfromtheirimportingcounterparts,andspecialtyshopsbegantoappearinadditiontogeneralstoressellingavarietyofgoods.OneofthereasonsPhiladelphia'smerchantsgenerallyprosperedwasbecausethesurroundingareawasundergoingtremendouseconomicanddemographicgrowth.Theydidtheirbusiness,afterall,inthecapitalcityoftheprovince.Notonlydidtheycatertothegovernorandhiscircle,butcitizensfromalloverthecolonycametothecapitalforlegislativesessionsoftheassemblyandcouncilandthemeetingsofthecourtsofjustice.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?(A)Philadelphia'sagricultureimportance(B)Philadelphia'sdevelopmentasamarketingcenter(C)ThesaleofimportedgoodsinPhiladelphia(D)TheadministrationofthecityofPhiladelphia2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatnewmarketsopenedinPhiladelphiabecause(A)theyprovidedmoremodemfacilitiesthanoldermarkets(B)theHighStreetMarketwasforcedtoclose(C)existingmarketswereunabletoservethegrowingpopulation(D)farmerswantedmarketsthatwereclosertothefarms.3.Theword"hinterland"inline3isclosestinmeaningto(A)tradition(B)association(C)produce(D)region4.Theword"it"inline6refersto(A)thecrowdedcity(B)aradius(C)theHighStreetMarket(D)theperiod5.Theword"persisted"inline9isclosestinmeaningto(A)returned(B)started(C)declined(D)continued6.Accordingtothepassage,fairsinPhiladelphiawereheld(A)onthesamedayasmarketsays(B)asoftenaspossible(C)acoupleoftimesayear(D)wheneverthegovernmentallowedit7.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthormentions"Linensandstockings"inline12toshowthattheywereitemsthat(A)retailmerchantswerenotwillingtosell(B)werenotavailableinthestoresinPhiladelphia(C)weremorepopularinGermantownmaninPhiladelphia(D)couldeasilybetransported8.Theword"eradicate"inline16isclosestinmeaningto(A)eliminate(B)exploit(C)organize(D)operate9.Whatdoestheauthormeanbystatinginline17that"economicdevelopmentwasonthemerchants'side"?(A)Merchantshadastrongimpactoneconomicexpansion.(B)Economicforcesallowedmerchantstoprosper.(C)Merchantshadtoworktogethertoachieveeconomicindependence(D)Specialtyshopsnearlargemarketsweremorelikelytobeeconomicallysuccessful.10.Theword"undergoing"inline22isclosestinmeaningto(A)requesting(B)expe...
