词类转换法(conversion)Byconversion,wemeanthatintranslationawordinonelanguagebelongingtoacertainpartofspeechisnotnecessarilytobeturnedintooneofthesamepartofspeechinanotherlanguage.WecannottranslateEnglishnecessarilywordforwordintoChinese.Agoodtranslatorshouldtryallmeanstoreproducethethoughtoftheauthorfaithfullyinanotherlanguage,quitedisregardingthepartsofspeechofindividualwordssousedinhisversion.Inpracticaltranslationwork,wordsintheoriginal,ifnecessary,maybeturnedintowordsidenticalinmeaningbutdifferentinpartofspeech,andthewordordermayalsobechanged.词类转换很多，主要是名词,动词词类之间的转换。动词------名词英语中的动词，尤其是由名词派生而来的动词在翻译时往往转换为名词，修饰动词的副词也就转换为形容词。1。Theinflammationischaracterizedbyred,swelling,fever,andpain.炎症的特点是红、肿、热、痛。2。ThevisitingguestswereescortedtotheYellowCraneTowerlastSunday.上星期天，来访的客人和陪同人员一起参观了黄鹤楼。3。Independentobservershavecommentedfavourablyontheachievementsyouhavemadeinthisdirection。有独立见解的观察家们对你们在这方面取得的成就给予了很好的评价。4.Thegirlimpressedherfinacee’srelativesfavourablywithhervivacityandsenseofhumor.这个女孩以她的活泼和幽默感给她的未婚夫的亲戚们留下了极好的印象。5。Asthewarprogressed，hewouldsymbolizetheirfrustrations，theembodimentofallevils.随着战争的进行，他成了他们受挫的象征，成了一切坏事的化身。6。Awell-dressedman，wholookedandtalkedlikeanAmerican，gotintothecar.一个穿着讲究的人上了车，他的外表谈吐却像个美国人。Adj.----nounTheyexpectusintheCommunitytoworkoutpoliciesofaidandtradewhichwillshowasympatheticunderstandingoftheirownproblems.它们期望我们欧洲共同体制定出对它们的问题表示同情和理解的援助和贸易政策。Andoursmallstateswilldiscoverthatcapitalism,byitsverynature,imperialisticandexploitative,andtheybecomesatellitestothecapitaliststateofEuropeandAmerica.而我们这些小国将会发现，资本主义就其本性而言，就是帝国主义，就是剥削，我们小国会变成欧美资本主义国家和卫星国。英语的名词和介词-----汉语的动词由于汉语的动词使用频率大大高于英语，因此，在英汉翻译中，常把名词、介词转换为动词。1.ThegrowingawarenessbymillionsofAfricansoftheirextremelypoorandbackwardlivingconditionshaspromptedthemtotakeresolutemeasuresandcreatenewones.比较：译文1：数以百万记的非洲人对于他们非常贫穷落后的生活条件的日益觉醒促使他们采取坚决的措辞，创造新的生活条件。译文2：数以百万记的非洲人逐渐意识到他们的生活状况异常贫穷落后，这就促使他们奋起采取坚决措施去创造新的生活条件。2.Theturningpointofmylifewasmydecisiontogiveupapromisingcareerandstudymusic.我的生活转折点是，我决定不再做生财有望的商人而专攻音乐。3.ItwouldnotbeeasytotalkingeneraltermsaboutWesternEuropeasaunit,withitsdifferencesofclimateandculture,itsmountains,plainsandcoasts.西欧诸国气候不同，文化各异，山峦、平原、海岸各具特色，要想把西欧作为整体加以综述，可不是件容易的事。Theseathunderedon,overandpast,andasitroaredbyitrevealedahideoussight.海浪狂啸着滚来，如泰山压顶一般，又怒吼着滚远,巨浪过处,一片浪籍。•短文：•EverychildinBritainmustbylawreceivefull-timeeducationfromtheageoffivetofifteen.Ifachildfailtoattendschool,aschoolAttendenceOfficerwillcometohishousetofindoutwhy,andifthereisnogoodreasontheparentsmaybeprosecuted.Buttheparentsthemselveshaveacertainamountofchoiceastowhatschoolthechildgoesto.Infacttheycouldeducatethechildthemselvesiftheywished,providedtheirtime-table•,methodandequipmentwereapprovedbyallinspectors.名词--...
