25/1/13下午08:471语法复习-被动语态25/1/13下午08:472被动语态基本用法：由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。表示谓语与主语之间的关系的动词形式叫做语态。英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。●主语+谓语（执行者）（主动语态）Weuseittomovethecursoronthescreen.●主语+谓语（承受者）（被动语态）Itisusedtomovethecursoronthescreen.25/1/13下午08:473一般现在时——am／is／are(not)+vt.p.p.一般过去时——was／were(not)+vt.p.p.一般将来时——will(not)be／begoingtobe+vt.p.p.情态动词——aux.v.(must／can／could／may…+be+vt.p.p.)现在进行时——be(am、is、are)(not)+being+vt.p.p.现在完成时——have／has(not)+been+vt.p.p.被动语态的构成：be+vt.p.p.25/1/13下午08:474Wecanusethepassivevoicewhen1.动作的执行者是显而易见的.Wordprocessingskillsaretaughtinourcomputerlessons.2.记不得或不知道谁是动作的执行者.Theprinterwassoldalready.3.动作比执行者更重要或无需说明执行者。EducationalCD-ROMsaresoldinmanycountries.25/1/13下午08:475Hisbrotherwashesclotheseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Clothesarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.25/1/13下午08:4761.Hecleansthemeeting-roomeveryday.Themeetingroomiscleanedeveryday.2.Theysoldthatkindofshoesinthisshoplastweek.Thatkindofshoesweresoldinthisshoplastweek.3.Theywillfinishalltheworkinaweek.Alltheworkwillbefinishedinaweek.4.Theyhavebuiltthreenewstationsinthecitysofar.Threenewstationshavebeenbuiltinthecitysofar.5.Youshouldfollowyourparents’advice.Yourparents’adviceshouldbefollowed.单宾语肯定句：25/1/13下午08:4776.Hedoesn'tshowthestampstome.Thestampsaren’tshowntome.7.Peopledon'tgrowriceinthewestofJapan.Riceisn’tgrowninthewestofJapan.8.Hedidn'tbuyanythingtherebeforeheleft.Nothingwasboughttherebeforeheleft.9.Theycan'tmendthebikeinthatshop.Thebikecan’tbemendedinthatshop.10.Theyhaven’tfoundthelostcat.Thelostcathasn’tbeenfound.否定句：25/1/13下午08:47811.DoesKatesometimesbreakglasses?AreglassedsometimesbrokenbyKate?12.DoyoualwayssendalettertoMrHu?IsaletteralwayssenttoMrHu?13Canyoumendthisradiohere?Canthisradiobemendedhere?14.Whatdoestheteacheroftentelltheboystodo?Whataretheboysoftentoldtodobytheteacher?15.Howmanydeskshavetheyboughtthisterm?Howmanydeskshavebeenboughtthisterm？疑问句：25/1/13下午08:47916.Youshouldlistentotheteachercarefully.Theteachershouldbelistenedtocarefully.17.MayIlookafterthebabyathome?Maythebabybelookedafterathome?18.Havetheyhandedintheirexercise-books?Havetheirexercise-booksbehandedin?19.Wewilltakegoodcareofherbaby.Herbabywillbetakengoodcareofbyus.20.Youhadbetterthrowtherubbishintothedustbin.Therubbishhadbetterbethrownintothedustbin.谓语动词为介词短语：25/1/13下午08:471021.Iboughtmydaughteranewwatch.Anewwatchwasboughtformydaughter.Mydaughterwasboughtanewwatch.22.FatherwillmakemeakitethisSunday.AkitewillbemadeformebyfatherthisSunday.IwillbemadeakitebyfatherthisSunday.23.Ihaveshownthemthephotos.Thephotoshavebeenshowntothem.Theyhavebeenshownthephotos.24.TheYouthgavemesomesuggestionsintheletter.Somesuggestionsweregiventomebytheyouthworkerintheletter.Iwasgivensomesuggestonsbytheyouthworkerintheletter.双宾语：25/1/13下午08:471125.Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday.Theworkersweremadetoworkallday26.Wesawtheboysenterthehouse.Theboyswereseentoenterthehouse.27.Wesawsomeboysplayingfootballbehindthehouse.Someboyswereseenplayingfootballbehindthehouse.宾语补足语为不带to的不定式：25/1/13下午08:4712用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空1.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）intheworld？2.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．3.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.4.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.5.What_______knives______(make)of?They_______________(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.6.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.isspokenwerecutaretoldaresoldaremadearemadeiscleaned25/1/13下午08:47137.Theflowers_______________(water)byLiMingeveryafternoon.8.Thiskindofshoes_______(sell)well.9.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity?10.______you_______(see)thefilmyet?Yes,I_______(see)itlastweek.11.Thefood_______(smell)delicious.12.Look!Someone__________(dance).arewateredsellhasbeenHaveseensawsmellsisdancing
