英语语法纲要(2010-02-2216:32:58)标签：杂谈一、动词时态一般现在时表示特征或经常性动作，普遍真理Mybossisinabadmoodtoday.Wisdominmindisbetterthanmoneyinthehand.一般过去时Ihatedgoingtoschool.我以前不喜欢上学（不代表现在）。u在阅读中出现过去式不能代表现时的状态一般将来时Chinawillincreasedialogueandco-operationwiththeUnitedStatesandtheinternationalcommunitytocrackdownonallformsofterroristactivities.u新闻中常用一般将来时。背诵此句。IamleavingShanghaitomorrow.Myparentsarecomingherenextweek.IamtakingmyCET4nextmonth.u以上三句用现在进行时表示将来时。记住此三句形式。过去将来时表示从过去某时看将来Iwasgoingtocallyouwhenyoucamein.Shesaidshewouldcome.现在进行时注意以下两句的的含义：Youarealwayscomplaining.That’sbecauseyouarealwaysleavingyourdirtysocksonthefloor!过去进行时Iwasworkingallweekend.Iwasnottryingtoannoyyou.将来进行时说明未来某个时刻会发生的事情，中文里没有，英语中常用1、A:IsMikefreethisafternoon?B:No,heisn’t.Hewillbeattendingameeting.[表示将来的下午在开会！]2、A:Ifyouhaveanyquestions,Iwillbeworkinginthenextoffice.B:Great.现在完成时Shehasworkedhereforthreeyears.TheUShasnotputasmuchimportanceondiplomacyasitshould.SheisthemostbeautifulgirlIhaveevermet![记住句型]IhaveneverdreamedthatIcouldseeyouagain.过去完成时Bytheendoftheyear,wehadhelped5000homelesspeople.Ihadneverusedchopsticks[筷子]beforeIcametoChina.u一般而言，过去完成时中有过去的时间或过去时态现在完成进行时过去某时一直延续到现在，特别强调事情尚要继续或刚刚停止IhavebeenlearningEnglishfortenyears.[刚刚停止]IhavebeendyingtoseeyousinceItalkedtoyouonthephonelastweek.[尚要继续]Ihavebeenlookingforwardtomeetingyouforalongtime.二、情态动词can表示能力、许可或请求Shecanspeakthreedifferentlanguages.Youcandoanythingifyoutry.Icannotunderstandwhatyoumean.could表示具有的能力，可能发生的情况，也可表示一个可行的提议Hecouldspeakebetter.他能说的更好。【注意与can比较】Thatcouldbeagoodsolution.那可能是个不错的办法。couldhave表示过去能够或可能但没有发生的动作或事件Icouldhavedonealotbetter.我本来能够做的更好。Icouldhavebeenadoctor,Icouldhavebeenalawyer,butIchoosetobeateacher.我可以是个医生，可以是个律师，但我选择了做老师。Icouldhavehelpedyou,butIdidnotknowyouwereintrouble.may,might表示可能发生的事（过去现在将来皆可）ImighthavegottenstraightA’sthissemester.这学期我很可能得A。Imayknowbythisafternoon.今天下午可能就知道了。shouldYoushouldtakecareofyourself.Youshouldgoandseeadoctor.Shouldhave表示本应该做的没有做，主要用于责备他人或自责Youshouldhavewornwarmerclothes.你应该穿暖和一点的衣服。YoushouldhavetoldmeitwascoldbeforeIlefthome.那你在我离家前就告诉我。haveto英国人常用must美国人常用haveto,表示必须Ihavetogonow.Youdonothavetocome.你没必要来。【句型】Youdonothavetotellher.你不必告诉她。would表示愿意IwouldtryChinesemedicinetocureyourcold.must表示必须或揣测Youmustfinishthejobbeforefive.[必须]Youmustbekidding.[揣测]musthave表示对过去的揣测Imusthaveleftmykeysinthecar.非谓语动词不定式做主语TobecomePresidentoftheUnitedStatesusedtobygoal.过去我的梦想是成为美国总统。Tobealeaderinyourowncityisalotmorerealistic.不定式当表语Mywishistobeateacher!不定式当宾语Iwanttobecomeamillionire.我想成为百万富翁。Icannotaffordtobuyacar.Wefinditimpossibletogeteverythingfinishedintime.Shefeltitstupidforhimtotalklikethat.不定式做宾语补足语Jimwantsyoutocallhimback.Myteacherencouragedmetotryagain.Forceyourselftodomore.逼自己多做点。不定式当状语表示原因结果或目的IwilldoeverythingI...
