考点8:词类转换真题再练1.(2015卷I·69)AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit___________(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong.修饰动词arranges作状语,用副词。regularly2.(2015卷II·63)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir______(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.在形容词性物主代词后必定用名词。ability3.(2015卷II·65)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat_______(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.修饰谓语动词giveout,表示“慢慢地散热”,用副词slowly。slowly4.(2015卷II·69)As________(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.在名词前作定语要用形容词。natural5.(2014卷I·62)Theriverwassopollutedthatit________(actual)caughtfireandburned.修饰谓语动词caught,用副词作状语,表示“居然”。6.(2014卷I·70)Justbe________(patience).在系动词be后作表语,要用形容词。actuallypatient7.(2014卷II·50)Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangers_________(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.修饰动词became,作状语,用副词。suddenly思路点拨当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决:1.作主语或宾语用名词形式。如:ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.(2009广东卷)解析:在that引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名词,或者说,在形容词性物主代词her后还没有名词,一定是用名词形式,故填choice。choice2.在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(some,any,alotof等)、介词后还没有名词时,就用名词形式。如[真题再练]第2题。3.作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式。如[真题再练]第4、6题,分别是作定语和表语。又如:Iconsiderit_______(use)forustouseEnglish-Englishdictionary.解析:句中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式,所给词在句中作宾补,要用形容词,表示“有益的,有用的”,故填useful。useful4.作状语,修饰动词、形容词或另一副词,或放在句首修饰全句,用副词。如[真题再练]第1、3、7题都是修饰动词,用副词。又如:(1)Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas22____________(surprise)helpful.(2014广东卷)解析:句中已有作表语的形容词helpful,要用副词来修饰helpful;由语境句意可知,是指“意外地”有帮助,故填surprisingly。surprisingly(2)________(lucky),hehadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.(2015广东卷)解析:空格位于句首,且有逗号隔开,可知是修饰全句,用副词作状语;“有一头每天都产牛奶的母牛”应当是“幸运地”,故填Luckily。Luckily5.当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时,无需改变词性,而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀,也可能用其比较级或最高级。如:InAlaska,thewolfalmost____________(appear)afewyearsago,becausehunterswerekillinghundredsofthemforsport.解析:主句缺谓语,应填动词,而appear本身就是动词,无需作词性变化,可考虑变词义;由because从句可知,主句意思应是“狼在几年前就差不多消失了”,要用disappear;再由afewyearsago可知,要用一般过去时,故填disappeared。disappeared注意:解题时,既要根据句子结构需要确定词类,又要考虑句意连贯或逻辑通顺。如:Hefailedhismathsexaminationbecauseofhis________(care)work.解析:在名词前作定语,要用形容词;由failed…可知,要填表示否定意义的“careless”(粗心大意的),意义才通顺。careless考点归纳在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生词是不算生词的,也不用汉语注明,因此,掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。从近两年全国卷的语法...