全品高考网Lesson3Grammar概念:动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以有宾语,也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。特征:动词原形+ing构成,具有名词,动词一些特征。动名词的作用动名词由动词+ing构成,否定形式为notdoing,具有动词和名词的性质,在句中起名词作用,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。作主语Teachingismyfull-timejob.WritinganEnglishcompositionisnoteasy.动名词作主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。It’suselesstakingthiskindofmedicine.动名词作主语动名词作主语与不定式作主语不定式作主语的区别:动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作,一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为,往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起,如:It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(抽象)Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswasnouse.(具体)在实际运用中,一般可以互换,差异不大。但在下列情况中不能互换:当表语是动名词时,主语也要用动名词;当表语是不定式时,主语也要用不定式,如:Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.作表语(1)动名词作表语说明主语的内容,可以放到句首作主语。Myjobisteaching.=Teachingismyjob.Herfull-timejobislayingeggs.=Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.(2)现在分词作表语相当于形容词,不可调至句首。Theplayisexciting.≠Excitingistheplay.动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别:动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别:•动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯;不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次习惯;不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作,特别是将来的动作。试比较:动作,特别是将来的动作。试比较:Myfavouritesportisswimming.Myfavouritesportisswimming.ThefirstthingforustodoistoimproveouThefirstthingforustodoistoimproveourpronunciation.rpronunciation.作宾语Ihavejustfinisheddoingmyhomework.Isuggestedaskinghisbrotherforsomemoney.Hekeepsbuyingexpensivemaps.Hemusthavemorethan200bynow.只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有:resist、mind、suggest、delay、keepon、lookforwardto、enjoy、include、appreciate、imagine、practise、finish、succeedin、consider、can’thelp、miss。动名词(短语)还常常跟在短语动词之后,作介词的宾语。常见的有:insiston,thinkof,dreamof,objectto,hearof,prevent…from,keep…from,stop…from,feellike,beengagedin,lookforwardto,dependon,thank…for,excuse…for,devote…to,setabout,spend…in,get(be)usedto…,befondof,beafraidof,betiredof,succeedin,beinterestedin,beproudof,burstout,giveup等。Heinsistedonseeingushome.Theyallobjectedtoputtingthemeetingoff.Areyouinterestedingoingtotheshow?I’mthinkingofgoingtotownthisafternoon.Sheisafraidoffallingbehindtheothers.⑴动名词作定语表示性质或用途。awashingmachine=amachineforwashingaswimmingpool=apoolforswimming作定语现在分词作定语表示动作,相当于一个定于从句。如果是单词,放在被修饰的名词前;如果是短语,放就放在被修饰的名词之后。adevelopingcountry=acountrywhichisdevelopingasleepingboy=aboywhoissleepingThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Exercise1.Ibelievethat’sthebestwaytopreventsuchathing_____again.A.tohappenB.fromhappeningC.happenedD.happen2.Heinsisted____withmyEnglish.A.helpingB.onhelpingC.tohelpD.inhelpingBB3.Shehaslittleexperience____.A.withteachingB.toteachC.ofteachingD.fromteaching4.Wearealllookingforward____Mr.Smithnextweek.A.toseeB.ofseeingC.atseeingD.toseeingDC5.Idon’tfeel______tonight.A.liketoreadB.likeI’mgoingtoreadC.readingD.likereading6.Hespentallhistime____fortheTOFEL.A.toprepareB.ofpreparingC.inpreparingD.topreparingDC7.Theboyisonlyfiveyearsold,butheisquiteused_____thetelephone.A.toanswerB.toansweringC.ofansweringD.byanswering8.What____itthisway?A.tryingB.abouttryingC.tryD.oftryingBB