阅读理解荟萃AHalfacenturyaftertheMarchofDimes(aUScharityorganizationthatcollectsmoneyforchildren)putthe20thcentury’smostfearedchildhooddiseaseontheroadtoeradication(根除),BillGatesdeclaredpolio(小儿麻痹症)hisimportantjobandchallengedworldleaderstofinishthejob.India,Nigeria,PakistanandAfghanistannowhaveactivetransmission(传播)ofthedisease.GatessaysthebiggestproblemwiththesuccessoftheGlobalPolioEradicationprograminthosecountriesandelsewhereislackofmoney.TheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationplanstoincreaseits$200millionannualcontribution(每年的捐款)by$102millionthisyear,Gatessays.GatesrecentlymetprivatelywithPakistan’sPresidentinWashington,D.C.,totrytopersuadehimtoprovidefullsupportforPakistan’seradicationplan.ChildrenintheUSAalsoareatrisk,expertssay.Parentswhodon’tvaccinate(给人接种疫苗)theirchildrenbecausetheyarefearfulofvaccinesideeffectscreatealargenumberofchildrenwhoarelikelytobeharmedbythevirus.“Ifyouincreasethenumberofunvaccinatedchildren,youincreasethechancethatthisviruswillfindnewsubjects,”says1DavidOshinsky,PulitzerPrize-winningauthorofPolio:AnAmericanStory.“We’vegottogetthisvaccineintothemouthsofchildren,”saysBruceAylward,headoftheWorldHealthOrganization’seradicationprogram.In1988,whentheWorldHealthOrganizationlaunchedtheGlobalPolioEradicationprogram,thediseasekilled350,000childrenayearworldwide.Bylastyear,thetotaldroppedtofewerthan1,500worldwide,Aylwardsays.IfGatesprovidesthefinalpushforpolioeradication,hemayberememberedasmuchforhelpingpreventpolioasforfoundingMicrosoft,Oshinskysays.“Aslongasthere’spolioanywhere,peopleeverywhereareatrisk,”Aylwardsays.“We’restillnotoutofthewoods.”1.Accordingtothetext,thesuccessoftheGlobalPolioEradicationprogrammainlydependson______________.A.theWorldHealthOrganization’spolicyB.thedevelopmentofanewvaccineC.thelocalgovernments’supportD.thecollectionoffunds2.Whatdoweknowaboutpolioaccordingtothetext?A.PeopleinNigeriadon’ttakeitseriously.2B.It’snowthemostseriouschildhooddisease.C.Greatprogresshasbeenmadeinpreventingit.D.Therearefeworganizationshelpingtopreventit.3.AccordingtoOshinsky,____________.A.GatesshoulddevotemoretimetoMicrosoftB.polioeradicationisaveryimportantcauseC.vaccineside-effectsshouldnotbeignoredD.poliohasbeenbroughtundercontrol4.Theunderlinedpart“We’restillnotoutofthewoods”means“_________”A.WegetlostinthewoodsB.We’renotfreefromtroubleC.WehavenoideawheretogoD.We’reunabletoeradicatepolioBChildhoodobesity(肥胖)hasreachedepidemic(泛滥)levelsinrecentyears.AccordingtotheInstituteofMedicine,obesityinpreschoolagedchildrenandteenshasmorethandoubledsincethe1970’swhiletheobesityrateinchildrenaged6to11hasmorethantripled(成三倍).Protectingadvertisingrevenueandfinancialinterestsisthetoppriorityfornewsoutlets,andfamiliesarebeinggivenwatered-downrecommendationsfor3preventingchildhoodobesitythatofferlittlebenefitasaresult.Parentsdeserverealsolutionsaimedatreductioninobesityrisk.USAweekendpublishedanarticleonthreesimplewaystoloweryourchild’sriskofobesity.Thefirsttiptoletchildrensleepinontheweekendmayattractchildren,butitdoesnotevenbegintoaddresstherealissue.Thesecondtipoflimitingtelevisionisexcellentadviceaschildrenspendtoomuchtimemindlesslywatchingtelevisionshows.However,eatinghabitsaremoreimportantthantheamountoftimespentsleepingorwatchingtelevisionintermsofobesity.Thefinalsuggestiontoeattogetherasafamilyhasva...
