1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。(1)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp(2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.(3)(It)Doesn’tmatter.(4)(I)Begyourpardon.2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分(1)(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2)(Isthere)Anythingwrong?(3)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?(4)What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?(5)Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have:(1)–Areyougoingthere?--Yes,I’dliketo(gothere).(2)Hedidn’tgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto(givemethechance).(3)–Areyouanengineer?--No,butIwanttobe.(4)–Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.--Well,heoughttohave.4、省略表语(1)–Areyouthirsty?--Yes,Iam(thirsty).(2)Hisbrotherisn’tlazy,norishissister(lazy).5、同时省略几个成分(1)Let’smeetatthesameplaceas(wemet)yesterday.(2)–-Haveyoufinishedyourwork?---(Ihave)Not(finishedmywork)yet.复合句中的省略1、主句中有一些成分被省略(1)(I’m)Sorrytohearyouareill.(2)(It’sa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.2、从句中有一些成分被省略(1)–Ishecomingbacktonight?--Ithinkso.(2)–Shemustbebusynow?--Ifso,shecan’tgowithus.(3)–Isshefeelingbettertoday?--I’mafraidnot.(4)–Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?--Iguessnot.这种用法常见的有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。(1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.(2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.(3)Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.1、连词的that省略(1)宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况。(2)在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略.另外，凡是进行时态和被动语态的定语从句都可省略关系代词和be动词。2、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分(1)When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.(2)Shetriedherbestthough(shewas)ratherpoorinhealth.(3)If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.(4)If(itis)necessaryI’llexplaintoyouagain.3、不定式符号to的省略(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to.Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.(2)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带.Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.Iwillhelpyou(to)doit.（3）介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to.Theboydidnothingbutplay.(4)某些使役动词（let,make,have）及感官动词（see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.Weweremadetowork12hoursaday1(5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。Allwecandonowis(to)wait.(6)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。Wefoundhim(to)workveryhardattheexperiment.但如果是不定式tobe，则不能省略。Shefoundhimtobedishonest.4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化。(1)Hadtheytime,theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.(2)WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.(3)Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?5、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).2
