初中英语三大从句一、宾语从句1.宾语:1)IlikeEnglish.2)SheenjoyswatchingTV.★宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。★宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。2.宾语从句:1)Weknowtheman.2)Weknowthatheisagoodman.充当宾语成分的句子叫做宾语从句。3.宾从的判断:动词介词+宾语从句形容词4.★引导词:1)that:that在从句中无实际含义,不充当成分,在口语中往往省略。e.g.Ibelievethatyouarethebest.2)whether/if:e.g.Iaskedwhetherhewantedtogoshoppingwithme.if/whether引导的宾语从句,表示“是否….”,不能省略,在大部分情况下二者可以互换,但在以下情况中,只能用whether,而不能用if。①后面有…ornot;②在介词的后面;e.g:Iaminterestedinwhetherhewillcometomorrow.③在不定式todo前e.g:Idon’tknowwhethertodoit.④在谓语动词discuss的后面3)特殊疑问词疑问副词含义例句充当成分how如何Heaskedhowhecouldfinishthetask.方式状语where哪里HeaskedwhereIlived.地点状语when什么时候HeaskedwhenIwouldleaveforBeijing.时间状语why为什么HeaskedwhyIwasworried.原因状语分两类:疑问副词和疑问代词。①疑问副词只能做状语②疑问代词可做主语、宾语、表语等成分。疑问副词含义例句充当成分who谁Idon’tknowwhocleanedthewindow.主语、宾语和表语whom谁(作宾语)HeaskedwhomIwouldmeet.宾语what什么HeaskedwhatIliked.主语、宾语whose谁的Heaskedwhosebookthiswas.定语、表语which哪一个HeaskedwhichbookIliked.定语5.★宾从的语序:1)区分陈述语序&疑问语序陈述语序:主语+谓语+其他疑问语序:谓语提到主语前(有情提情、有be提be、无情无be请求助)2)宾从的语序:陈述语序3)引导词在从句中作主语,从句语序与疑问句相同:①What’sthematter?Wouldyoutellmewha’sthematter?②What’swrongwithyou?Shedidn’ttellmewhatwaswrongwithyou.6.★宾从的时态:主句为一般现在时,从句可以用语境所需要的任何时态.主句为一般过去时,从句用相应的过去的时态。从句内容为客观真理,从句仍然用一般现在时。口诀:主现从随意,主过从过,真理永一现。【课堂练习】1.Wedon’tknow________,butittellsustheimportanceoffriendship.A.whatthestoryisaboutB.whetherthestoryistrueC.whendidthestorytakeplace2.—Couldyoutellme________?—Throwingoffpoverty(脱贫).A.whopeopleoftentalkaboutthisyearB.whatpeopleoftentalkaboutthisyearC.whichdopeopleoftentalkaboutthisyear3.---Hi,Alice.Iwonder________.--Ioftengoswimminginthesportscenter.A.whereyouskateB.whatyoudoontheweekendC.whenyouexerciseD.whetheryouenjoyyourweekend4.Mycousinwilldrivemetoschooltoday,butIdon'tknow______________.A.whathe'lldoB.wherehe'llgoC.whenwe'llleaveD.whywe'llgothereBBBC二、定语从句1、理解“定语”:定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。分析以下例句的句子成分:1)Thehandsomeboyisherfriend.请翻译此句:这个帅气的男孩是她的朋友。Thehandsomeboy是:主语。is是:谓语。herfriend是:表语。handsome是:定语,作用是修饰后面的名词boy。her是:定语,作用是修饰后面的名词friend。2)Thehandsomeboywhoissingingisherfriend.请翻译此句:这个正在唱歌的帅气男孩是她的朋友。此句中,whoissinging作为定语成分,作用是修饰前面的名词boy。2、定语从句的定义:在复合句中作定语的句子叫做定语从句,定语从句的作用是修饰前面的先行词或主句中的其他成分。Ihaveasister.Sheisastudent.请把这两个简单句改成包含定语从句的复合句。Ihaveasisterwhoisastudent.定语从句的关系词分类:关系词被修饰的先行词关系词在定从中的作用关系代词that人/物主语、宾语、表语which物主语、宾语who人主语、宾语whom人宾语whose人/物定语关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语★注意:1)定语从句关系词不能为what。2)关系代词that,which,who,whom在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略,但“介词+关系...